ArticleInternational immunopharmacology2009
Injection of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone expression plasmid is effective in suppressing experimental autoimmune uveitis.
Article in International immunopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of the Melanocortin Pan-Agonist PL9643 in a Phase 2 Study of Patients with Dry Eye Disease.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics · 2023Trial
- Ocular immune homeostasis-mechanisms of precise regulation through coordination of the eye, visual system and beyond: a narrative review.Annals of eye science · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Effects of Purified Cortrophin Gel on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2025Article
- Polymorphism of Melanocortin Receptor Genes-Association with Inflammatory Traits and Diseases.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Effects of Stimulating the Melanocortin Pathway in Regulating Ocular Inflammation and Cell Death.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Review
- Ocular immunosuppressive microenvironment and novel drug delivery for control of uveitis.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Stimulating the Melanocortin System in Uveitis and Diabetes Preserves the Structure and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Retina.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Melanocortin receptor agonists suppress experimental autoimmune uveitis.Experimental eye research · 2022Article
- Anti-inflammatory α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Protects Retina After Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Type I Diabetes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics of the Melanocortin Type 1 Receptor Agonist PL8177 After Subcutaneous Administration.Drugs in R&D · 2021Article
- A combination of CMC and α-MSH inhibited ROS activated NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperosmolarity stressed HCECs and scopolamine-induced dry eye rats.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Antifibrotic and Anti-Inflammatory Actions of α-Melanocytic Hormone: New Roles for an Old Player.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Exacerbation of autoimmune uveitis by obesity occurs through the melanocortin 5 receptor.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2019Article
- Negative regulators that mediate ocular immune privilege.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2018Review
- Probing the Role of Melanocortin Type 1 Receptor Agonists in Diverse Immunological Diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- The Role of Alpha-MSH as a Modulator of Ocular Immunobiology Exemplifies Mechanistic Differences between Melanocortins and Steroids.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2017Review
- Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Suppress Phagolysosome Activation in Macrophages.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
- MC5r and A2Ar Deficiencies During Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis Identifies Distinct T cell Polarization Programs and a Biphasic Regulatory Response.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Activation of Melanocortin Receptors MC 1 and MC 5 Attenuates Retinal Damage in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.Mediators of inflammation · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe neuropeptide, alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), is an endogenous antagonist of inflammation. Injections of alpha-MSH peptide into inflamed tissues have been found to be very effective in suppressing autoimmune and endotoxin mediated diseases. We evaluated the potential to suppress ocular autoimmune disease (uveitis) by augmenting the expression of alpha-MSH through subconjunctival injections of naked adrenocorticotropic hormone amino acids 1-17 (ACTH1-17) plasmid.
methodsWe clinically scored the uveitis over time in B10.RIII, C57BL/6, and melanocortin 5 receptor knock-out (MC5r((-/-))) mice with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) that were conjunctively injected with a naked DNA plasmid encoding ACTH1-17 at the time of EAU onset and three days later. The post-EAU retina histology of plasmid injected eyes was examined, and post-EAU concentrations of alpha-MSH in aqueous humor was assayed by ELISA.
resultsThe subconjunctival injection of ACTH1-17 plasmid augmented the concentration of alpha-MSH in the aqueous humor of all post-EAU mice. The injection of ACTH1-17 suppressed the severity of EAU in the B10.RIII and C57BL/6 mice but the MC5r((-/-)) mice. In all the models of EAU, the ACTH1-17 injection helped to preserve the structural integrity of the retina; however, post-EAU aqueous humor was not immunosuppressive.
conclusionsThe subconjunctival injection of the alpha-MSH expression vector ACTH1-17 plasmid is effective in suppressing EAU. The suppressive activity is dependent on MC5r expression, and possibly works though alpha-MSH antagonism of inflammation than on alpha-MSH directly modulating immune cells. The results suggest that an effective therapy for uveitis could include a gene therapy approach based on delivering alpha-MSH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.