Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19426293›Full record

ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2009

Does smoking cue-induced craving tell us anything important about nicotine dependence?

Kenneth A Perkins

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
86citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

86 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Differences in Magnitude of Cue Reactivity Across Durations of Smoking History: A Meta-analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Food cue reactivity and craving predict eating and weight gain: a meta-analytic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2016
    Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. A systematic review of the relationships between craving and smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013
    Pooled it
  7. The clinical significance of drug craving.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2012
    Pooled it
  8. Do lab-based assessments of pretreatment smoking reinforcement and cue-specific craving predict smoking cessation with varenicline?Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
    Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Second Generation Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Vape Pen Exposure Generalizes as a Smoking Cue.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2018
    Trial
  11. Exposure to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) visual imagery increases smoking urge and desire.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2016
    Trial
  12. Using ecological measures of smoking trigger exposure to predict smoking cessation milestones.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2015
    Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Decline in cue-provoked craving during cue exposure therapy for smoking cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2014
    Trial
  16. Trial
  17. Trial
  18. Trial
  19. Trial
  20. Trial

26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Kenneth A PerkinsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Funding

TRANSDISCIPLINARY TOBACCO USE RESEARCH CENTERSP50CA084718 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI LERMAN, CARYN · 1999 to 2008
$17.8M
Tobacco Smoking, Nicotine and Negative Affect ReliefR01DA019478 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI PERKINS, KENNETH ALAN · 2006 to 2009
$863k
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA084718NCI NIH HHS P50 DA/CA84718NIDA NIH HHS DA19478NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA019478
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cue-reactivity, or self-reported craving response to drug-associated stimuli, is an active area of research on factors that maintain drug use, particularly cigarette smoking. A common rationale for this research is the expectation that treatments that extinguish cue-induced craving will be effective as smoking cessation interventions. Therefore, the importance of research on the variables that moderate and control cue-induced craving would seem to hinge upon the relevance of cue-induced craving to nicotine dependence, particularly its association with relapse risk. However, the limited relevant clinical research has not demonstrated clearly a link between smoking relapse risk and self-reported craving in response to smoking cues. Links between relapse and other responses to cues, such as heart rate or electrodermal activity, are inconsistent or not significant. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved smoking cessation medications have not been shown to alleviate cue-induced craving, although they do alleviate abstinence-induced craving, which has been associated with relapse risk. Nevertheless, other acute measures assessed in the laboratory have been shown to predict subsequent relapse risk in quitting smokers, demonstrating the feasibility of this type of study. Future research may benefit from using more reliable and valid multi-item craving measures, focusing upon more specific conditions under which cue-induced craving may predict relapse and, most importantly, considering dependent measures other than self-reported craving in response to cues, particularly actual smoking behavior. Without stronger evidence in support of the relevance of cue-induced craving response to the persistence of smoking behavior or other measures of dependence, it will be incumbent upon researchers in this area to justify why studies of cue-induced craving contribute to our understanding of dependence.

Indexed as

CuesBehavior, AddictiveFemaleHumansMaleMotivationRecurrenceResearch DesignRisk FactorsSmokingSmoking CessationSmoking PreventionSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeTobacco Use Disorder

Identifiers

PMID19426293

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.