ReviewImmunological reviews2009
Yin-Yang of costimulation: crucial controls of immune tolerance and function.
Review in Immunological reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel multiple sclerosis susceptibility loci.Annals of neurology · 2011Pooled it
- A randomized controlled trial to evaluate inhibition of T-cell costimulation in allergen-induced airway inflammation.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2013Trial
- A pragmatic phase II trial evaluating treatment strategies using immune checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic esophageal cancer patients with severe dysphagia.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- PD-L2 Landscape and Correlation with Outcome: An Immunomic Analysis.JCO oncology advances · 2026Article
- The role of programmed cell death 1 in autoimmune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- M5542, a bifunctional fusion protein targeting CD80, CD86, and OX40L that modulates excessive T-cell activity: a preclinical proof-of-concept study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Combined CHK1 and PD-L1 blockade as a novel therapeutic strategy against stemness and immunosuppression in ovarian cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) in Urological Cancers: A New Modern Era, but Not Generally Applied.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PDL1) Expression in Neoadjuvant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Association With Chemotherapy Response and Residual Cancer Burden.The breast journal · 2025Article
- Systemic lupus erythematosus: pathogenesis and targeted therapy.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- A splicing isoform of PD-1 promotes tumor progression as a potential immune checkpoint.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Pembrolizumab for Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma in Korea.Cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- Synergistic effects of BTN3A1, SHP2, CD274, and STAT3 gene polymorphisms on the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus: a multifactorial dimensional reduction analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of immune density, PD-L1, and CXCR4 expressions in metaplastic breast carcinoma to predict potential immunotherapy benefit.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2023Article
- Perioperative immunotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Now and future.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in esophageal cancer: Clinical development and perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Checkpoint Inhibitors and Induction of Celiac Disease-like Condition.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Proteomic Alterations and Novel Markers of Neurotoxic Reactive Astrocytes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sorting nexin 6 interacts with Cullin3 and regulates programmed death ligand 1 expression.FEBS letters · 2021Article
- Dual and Opposite Costimulatory Targeting with a Novel Human Fusion Recombinant Protein Effectively Prevents Renal Warm Ischemia Reperfusion Injury and Allograft Rejection in Murine Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
summaryIn addition to signals from the T-cell receptor complex, it has been recognized for many years that a 'second' signal, most notably from CD28, is also important in T-cell activation. In the recent years, many new members of CD28 family as well as the molecules that share structural homology to CD28 ligands CD80 and CD86 have been discovered. Interestingly, some of these proteins function to dampen T-cell activation and regulate the induction of T-cell tolerance. Therefore, positive and negative costimulation are the two sides of the coin to fine tune T-cell receptor signaling to determine the outcome of T-cell receptor engagement-tolerance versus function.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.