ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2009
Cannabinoid action induces autophagy-mediated cell death through stimulation of ER stress in human glioma cells.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05969314 (Phase I Study of Safety and Feasibility of Ayurvedic Oral Cannabis Preparation in the Peri-operative Period in Breast and Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 367 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I Study of Safety and Feasibility of Ayurvedic Oral Cannabis Preparation in the Peri-operative Period in Breast and Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Cancer
Who cites it
367 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 679 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advances in the Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids Against Gliomas: A Systematic Review (2022-2025).Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Pooled it
- Cannabinoids Drugs and Oral Health-From Recreational Side-Effects to Medicinal Purposes: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- Cannabis in cancer: a review of therapeutic potential, clinical and preclinical status, and legislation.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Review
- Targeting programmed cell death: a novel therapeutic paradigm for cancer based on mode-of-death classification.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Antitumor Activity of Cannabinoids and Their Interaction with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Evidence.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Antiproliferative Effects of Cannabinoids and Cisplatin in Cervical Cancer Cells.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Annexin A1 triggers autophagy to orchestrate radioiodine resistance in thyroid cancer via upregulating HMGB1.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Autophagy and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Signaling Pathways.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol alleviates inflammation by modulating immune responses in LPS-induced murine inflammation model.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cannabinoids in hematologic malignancies: mechanisms and therapeutic potential for overcoming drug resistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Phytochemical Profile, Extraction and Characterization of Bioactive Compounds from Industrial Hemp (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Advancing cervical cancer treatment: integrating cannabinoids, combination therapies and nanotechnology.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- CC48 a new CB2R agonist/FAAH inhibitor dual drug blocks gastric cancer progression and overcomes paclitaxel resistance.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Mechanistic insights and therapeutic strategies for targeting autophagy in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- TRB3 Promotes Cataract Progression through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Apoptosis.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Anandamide in Human Gastric Cancer Cells Are Mediated by AKT and ERK Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids as Promising Inhibitors of HER2-Tyrosine Kinase: A Novel Strategy for Targeting HER2-Positive Ovarian Cancer.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Advances in ORMDL Research in Malignant Tumors: A Review.OncoTargets and therapy · 2025Review
- Exploring cannabinoid modulation on autophagy mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: a review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
307 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autophagy can promote cell survival or cell death, but the molecular basis underlying its dual role in cancer remains obscure. Here we demonstrate that delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main active component of marijuana, induces human glioma cell death through stimulation of autophagy. Our data indicate that THC induced ceramide accumulation and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphorylation and thereby activated an ER stress response that promoted autophagy via tribbles homolog 3-dependent (TRB3-dependent) inhibition of the Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) axis. We also showed that autophagy is upstream of apoptosis in cannabinoid-induced human and mouse cancer cell death and that activation of this pathway was necessary for the antitumor action of cannabinoids in vivo. These findings describe a mechanism by which THC can promote the autophagic death of human and mouse cancer cells and provide evidence that cannabinoid administration may be an effective therapeutic strategy for targeting human cancers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.