ArticleNature immunology2009
Antigen processing influences HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunodominance.
Article in Nature immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Rapid antigen processing and presentation of a protective and immunodominant HLA-B*27-restricted hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T-cell epitope.PLoS pathogens · 2012Trial
- Article
- The Ratio of Immunogenicity: A quantitative metric to identify highly immunogenic protein antigens to improve tissue-engineered biomaterials.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Characterisation of an influenza B virus-derived peptide presented by HLA-B*18:01.The Biochemical journal · 2025Article
- Effective Reduction of Transgene-Specific Immune Response With rAAV Vectors Co-Expressing miRNA-UL112-5p or ERAP1 shRNA.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Article
- Lack of immunogenicity for an influenza-derived peptide across the HLA-B44 supertype molecules.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Epistatic interaction between ERAP2 and HLA modulates HIV-1 adaptation and disease outcome in an Australian population.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Tumor-Derived Antigenic Peptides as Potential Cancer Vaccines.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Protein degradation by human 20S proteasomes elucidates the interplay between peptide hydrolysis and splicing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A state-of-the-art methodology for high-throughput in silico vaccine discovery against protozoan parasites and exemplified with discovered candidates for Toxoplasma gondii.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- InvitroSPI and a large database of proteasome-generated spliced and non-spliced peptides.Scientific data · 2023Article
- Epitope length variants balance protective immune responses and viral escape in HIV-1 infection.Cell reports · 2022Article
- Unconventional modes of peptide-HLA-I presentation change the rules of TCR engagement.Discovery immunology · 2022Review
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 Is Involved in Anti-viral Immune Response of Hepatitis B Virus by Trimming Hepatitis B Core Antigen to Generate 9-Mers Peptides.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Revisiting the Principles of Designing a Vaccine.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Know thy immune self and non-self: Proteomics informs on the expanse of self and non-self, and how and where they arise.Proteomics · 2021Review
- HLA class-I-peptide stability mediates CD8Cell reports · 2021Article
- Broad-Based Influenza-Specific CD8Viruses · 2021Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
19 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can potentially target multiple virus epitopes, the same few are recognized repeatedly. We show here that CTL immunodominance in regions of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group-associated antigen proteins p17 and p24 correlated with epitope abundance, which was strongly influenced by proteasomal digestion profiles, affinity for the transporter protein TAP, and trimming mediated by the endoplasmatic reticulum aminopeptidase ERAAP, and was moderately influenced by HLA affinity. Structural and functional analyses demonstrated that proteasomal cleavage 'preferences' modulated the number and length of epitope-containing peptides, thereby affecting the response avidity and clonality of T cells. Cleavage patterns were affected by both flanking and intraepitope CTL-escape mutations. Our analyses show that antigen processing shapes CTL response hierarchies and that viral evolution modifies cleavage patterns and suggest strategies for in vitro vaccine optimization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.