ArticleEukaryotic cell2009
Isolation and characterization of senescent Cryptococcus neoformans and implications for phenotypic switching and pathogenesis in chronic cryptococcosis.
Article in Eukaryotic cell, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune Modulation and Evasion byACS omega · 2026Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans from an environmental perspective.Virulence · 2025Review
- Distinct effect of calorie restriction between congenic mating types of Cryptococcus neoformans.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Correlated Factors That Are Affected in Replicative-AgedJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Measuring Replicative Lifespan in Cryptococcus neoformans.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Article
- Novel ABC Transporter Associated with Fluconazole Resistance in Aging ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Replicative Aging in Pathogenic Fungi.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The interplay of phenotype and genotype in Cryptococcus neoformans disease.Bioscience reports · 2020Review
- Dangerous Liaisons: Interactions ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Population diversity and virulence characteristics of Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complexes isolated during the pre-HIV-pandemic era.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- A titanic drug resistance threat in Cryptococcus neoformans.Current opinion in microbiology · 2019Review
- Gene Duplication Associated with Increased Fluconazole Tolerance in Candida auris cells of Advanced Generational Age.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- High-Throughput Yeast Aging Analysis for Cryptococcus (HYAAC) microfluidic device streamlines aging studies inCommunications biology · 2019Article
- Cell Wall-Associated Virulence Factors Contribute to Increased Resilience of OldFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Enhanced Efflux Pump Activity in Old Candida glabrata Cells.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Differences in Sirtuin Regulation in Response to Calorie Restriction in Cryptococcus neoformans.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
- Mechanisms of Pulmonary Escape and Dissemination by Cryptococcus neoformans.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Review
- Fungi that Infect Humans.Microbiology spectrum · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although several virulence factors and associated genes have been identified, the mechanisms that allow Cryptococcus neoformans to adapt during chronic infection and to persist in immunocompromised hosts remain poorly understood. Characterization of senescent cells of C. neoformans demonstrated that these cells exhibit a significantly enlarged cell body and capsule but still cross the blood-brain barrier. C. neoformans cells with advanced generational age are also more resistant to phagocytosis and killing by antifungals, which could promote their selection during chronic disease in humans. Senescent cells of RC-2, a C. neoformans strain that undergoes phenotypic switching, manifest switching rates up to 11-fold higher than those of younger cells. Infection experiments with labeled cells suggest that senescent yeast cells can potentially accumulate in vivo. Mathematical modeling incorporating different switching rates demonstrates how increased switching rates promote the emergence of hypervirulent mucoid variants during chronic infection. Our findings introduce the intriguing concept that senescence in eukaryotic pathogens could be a mechanism of microevolution that may promote pathoadaptation and facilitate evasion of an evolving immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.