Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19409519›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2009

Loss of the metalloprotease ADAM9 leads to cone-rod dystrophy in humans and retinal degeneration in mice.

David A Parry, Carmel Toomes, Lina Bida, Michael Danciger, Katherine V Towns, Martin McKibbin, Samuel G Jacobson, Clare V Logan, Manir Ali, Jacquelyn Bond and 17 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 88 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Candidate Genes for Non-Syndromic Pediatric Cataracts.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Journal of diabetes research · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. ADAM9 enhances Th17 cell differentiation and autoimmunity by activating TGF-β1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD).International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors at 10 institutions in 5 countries.

David A ParrySection of Ophthalmology and Neuroscience, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK.
Carmel Toomes
Lina Bida
Michael Danciger
Katherine V Towns
Martin McKibbin
Samuel G Jacobson
Clare V Logan
Manir Ali
Jacquelyn Bond
Rebecca Chance
Steven Swendeman
Lauren L Daniele
Kelly Springell
Matthew Adams
Colin A Johnson
Adam P Booth
Hussain Jafri
Yasmin Rashid
Eyal Banin
Tim M Strom
Debora B Farber
Dror Sharon
Carl P Blobel
Edward N Pugh
Eric A Pierce
Chris F Inglehearn
St James's University Hospital · GBHadassah Medical Center · ILUniversity of Pennsylvania · USHospital for Special Surgery · USPenn Presbyterian Medical Center · USDoheny Eye Institute · USHelmholtz Zentrum München · DEKing Edward Medical University · PKLoyola Marymount University · USPeninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry · GB

Funding

Precision Medicine for Inherited Retinal DegenerationsR01EY012910 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Eric A Pierce · 1999 to 2026
$15.9M
Role of ADAMs 9 and 15 in Proliferative RetinopathyR01EY015719 · NEI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI BLOBEL, CARL PETER · 2004 to 2009
$2.5M
Medical Research Council G0501050NEI NIH HHS EY12910NEI NIH HHS R01 EY012910NEI NIH HHS R01 EY015719Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) is an inherited progressive retinal dystrophy affecting the function of cone and rod photoreceptors. By autozygosity mapping, we identified null mutations in the ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (ADAM9) gene in four consanguineous families with recessively inherited early-onset CRD. We also found reduced photoreceptor responses in Adam9 knockout mice, previously reported to be asymptomatic. In 12-month-old knockout mice, photoreceptors appear normal, but the apical processes of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells are disorganized and contact between photoreceptor outer segments (POSs) and the RPE apical surface is compromised. In 20-month-old mice, there is clear evidence of progressive retinal degeneration with disorganized POS and thinning of the outer nuclear layer (ONL) in addition to the anomaly at the POS-RPE junction. RPE basal deposits and macrophages were also apparent in older mice. These findings therefore not only identify ADAM9 as a CRD gene but also identify a form of pathology wherein retinal disease first manifests at the POS-RPE junction.

Indexed as

ADAM ProteinsAnimalsConsanguinityGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMembrane ProteinsMiceMice, KnockoutMutationPedigreePhotoreceptor Cells, VertebrateRetinal DegenerationRetinal Pigment EpitheliumRetinitis PigmentosaADAM9 protein, humanAdam9 protein, mouseADAM ProteinsMembrane Proteins

Identifiers

PMID19409519
PMCPMC2681008
OpenAlexW2058217811

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.