ArticleEndocrinology2009
Thymocyte-synthesized glucocorticoids play a role in thymocyte homeostasis and are down-regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone.
Article in Endocrinology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Zinc Restriction and Chronic Restraint Stress Affect Mice Physiology, Immune Organ Morphology, and Liver Function.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Aire drives steroid hormone biosynthesis by medullary thymic epithelial cells.Science immunology · 2023Article
- Use of thiols and implications for the use of inhaled corticosteroids in the presence of oxidative stress in COPD.Respiratory research · 2023Review
- Glucocorticoid production in the thymus and brain: Immunosteroids and neurosteroids.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Extra-adrenal glucocorticoid biosynthesis: implications for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.Genes and immunity · 2020Review
- Measurement of 11-dehydrocorticosterone in mice, rats and songbirds: Effects of age, sex and stress.General and comparative endocrinology · 2019Article
- Analysis of Corticosterone and Testosterone Synthesis in Rat Salivary Gland Homogenates.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Article
- Extra-Adrenal Glucocorticoid Synthesis in the Intestinal Mucosa: Between Immune Homeostasis and Immune Escape.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Cutting Edge: De Novo Glucocorticoid Synthesis by Thymic Epithelial Cells Regulates Antigen-Specific Thymocyte Selection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2018Article
- Effects of the Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) Inhibitors, Avanafil and Zaprinast, on Bone Remodeling and Oxidative Damage in a Rat Model of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis.Medical science monitor basic research · 2018Article
- Tuberculosis, the Disrupted Immune-Endocrine Response and the Potential Thymic Repercussion As a Contributing Factor to Disease Physiopathology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Review
- T-cell autonomous death induced by regeneration of inert glucocorticoid metabolites.Cell death & disease · 2017Article
- Article
- End-point effector stress mediators in neuroimmune interactions: their role in immune system homeostasis and autoimmune pathology.Immunologic research · 2012Review
- Extra-adrenal glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids: evidence for local synthesis, regulation, and function.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2011Review
- Thymus-derived glucocorticoids mediate androgen effects on thymocyte homeostasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2010Article
- Article
- The role of oestradiol in sexually dimorphic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrena axis responses to intracerebroventricular ethanol administration in the rat.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2010Article
- Glucocorticoid production and regulation in thymus: of mice and birds.Endocrinology · 2009Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thymocytes from adult mice synthesize glucocorticoids (GCs), and some data indicate a role for this hormone production in thymic homeostasis. Here we present further support for this view by showing that the dramatic increase in thymocyte number seen after adrenalectomy (ADX) does not correlate with the decrease in systemic GCs but rather with an ACTH-mediated down-regulation of GC synthesis in thymocytes. High ACTH concentrations caused by ADX in wild-type mice down-regulated CYP11B1 mRNA expression, encoding the last enzyme required for corticosterone synthesis and as a consequence reduced GC synthesis in thymocytes. This was not seen in IL-1beta/IL-18 double-knockout mice unable to respond to ADX with high ACTH levels. However, if ADX IL-1beta/IL-18 double-knockout mice were treated with ACTH, this led to a down-regulation of CYP11B1 and GC synthesis in thymocytes. In addition, in vivo treatment of mice with the CYP11B1 antagonist metyrapone, without affecting the systemic corticosterone level, increased thymocyte numbers and in vitro treatment of isolated thymocytes prevented thymocyte loss. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that both ACTH and its receptor-induced second-messenger molecule cAMP down-regulated mRNA expression of critical enzymes in GC steroidogenesis and GC synthesis in thymocytes. We conclude that thymocyte-produced GCs are important for the homeostasis of adult mouse thymocytes and that high ACTH level, in contrast to stimulating GC synthesis in the adrenal glands, has the opposite effect in thymocytes.
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