ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2009
Principles and clinical implications of the brain-gut-enteric microbiota axis.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 624 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Safety and Effectiveness of Probiotic Supplementation on Bipolar Depression: a Proof of Concept Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized Controlled Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Population With Bipolar Disorder
Pilot Study Aimed to Determine the Optimal Design for the UCLA/Danone Probiotic Intervention Study Related to Stress
Who cites it
624 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,304 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microbiome and well-being: a meta-analysis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Pooled it
- Gut-brain axis and neuroplasticity in health and disease: a systematic review.La Radiologia medica · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota of patients with post-stroke depression in Chinese population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Visualized knowledge mapping on the current research trends and emerging areas of neuroimmune modulation in the past two decades.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Global research status and trends of enteric glia: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Changes in Gut Microbiota and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Therapeutic Value of Lactobacillus gasseri 345A in Chronic Constipation.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Trial
- Microbial shifts in early life: the pediatric gut microbiome and its role in health and disease.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Nutritional Innovations in Functional Foods: Exploring Postbiotics for Gut and Vascular Health Enhancement.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- GLP-1 and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Pediatric Obesity: From Neuroendocrine Mechanisms to Clinical Application.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Delivering the Gut to the Brain: Drug Delivery Strategies for Microbiota-Derived Therapeutics in Depression.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Diet, the Gut Microbiome, and Mental Health: Mechanistic Perspectives.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Review
- The sixth sense of the brain: interoception in organoid study.Bone research · 2026Review
- Review
- Duloxetine as a gut-brain axis modulator in irritable bowel syndrome: neuroimmune, microbiota, and pharmacogenomic perspectives.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Neonatal predictors of neurodevelopment: the interplay between APGAR score and neonatal microbiome.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Review
- Paradigm Shift of Microbiota-gut-brain Axis During Aging: Potential Role of Probiotics to Improve Cognitive Decline.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Dynamic alterations and potential roles of gut microbiota and metabolites in Angiostrongylus cantonensis-infected mice and rats.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Article
- Dietary α-Tocopherol Deficiency Disrupts Hepatic Circadian Clock and Lipid Metabolism in Association with Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis.Nutrients · 2026Article
- IBS stress reactivity phenotype is associated with blood transcriptome profiles and microstructural and functional brain changes.Neurobiology of stress · 2026Article
564 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While bidirectional brain-gut interactions are well known mechanisms for the regulation of gut function in both healthy and diseased states, a role of the enteric flora--including both commensal and pathogenic organisms--in these interactions has only been recognized in the past few years. The brain can influence commensal organisms (enteric microbiota) indirectly, via changes in gastrointestinal motility and secretion, and intestinal permeability, or directly, via signaling molecules released into the gut lumen from cells in the lamina propria (enterochromaffin cells, neurons, immune cells). Communication from enteric microbiota to the host can occur via multiple mechanisms, including epithelial-cell, receptor-mediated signaling and, when intestinal permeability is increased, through direct stimulation of host cells in the lamina propria. Enterochromaffin cells are important bidirectional transducers that regulate communication between the gut lumen and the nervous system. Vagal, afferent innervation of enterochromaffin cells provides a direct pathway for enterochromaffin-cell signaling to neuronal circuits, which may have an important role in pain and immune-response modulation, control of background emotions and other homeostatic functions. Disruption of the bidirectional interactions between the enteric microbiota and the nervous system may be involved in the pathophysiology of acute and chronic gastrointestinal disease states, including functional and inflammatory bowel disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.