ArticleHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)2009
Hepatitis B: the virus and disease.
Article in Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03285620 (A Phase 1, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, First-in-human Study of Orally Administered AL-034 to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics After Single Ascending Doses Including Food Effect Evaluation), which is not on this map. Cited by 432 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, First-in-human Study of Orally Administered AL-034 to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics After Single Ascending Doses Including Food Effect Evaluation (Part 1) and After Multiple Ascending Doses (Part 2) in Healthy Adult Subjects
Who cites it
432 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,059 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in dialysis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, immunity, risk factors, and beyond.International urology and nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- Virus and viral components transmitted through surgical smoke; a silent danger in operating room: a systematic review.BMC surgery · 2024Pooled it
- Lamivudine and Entecavir for Acute Hepatitis B: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2023Pooled it
- Hemolytic Anemia after Acute Hepatitis B Virus Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2022Pooled it
- Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes and demography in the general population of Karachi, Sindh.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Toward Hepatitis B Virus Among Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Patients in Jordan.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Chalcones as a Versatile Antiviral Scaffold: Molecular Targets, ADMET Profiles, and Translational Challenges.Viruses · 2026Review
- Discriminative Role of Interleukin-6, Neuropilin-1, and Amphiregulin for Cirrhosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- HIV causes global B cell dysregulation and restricts HBV-specific B cell development in an incident HBV cohort.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Observational
- Review
- Crystal structure of the CD33/Fab-10C8 complex elucidates the mechanism of antibody antagonism in HBV-induced immunosuppression.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insight into complement C3 regulation during chronic HBV infection: effect on viral persistence and host immune response.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Article
- The Human Virome in Infectious Diseases: Insights from Chronic and Acute Infections Across Body Sites-A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- Liver-on-a-Chip (LoC) Models: Case Studies of Academic Platforms and Commercial Products.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Towards Hepatitis B Infection Among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Advances in Rapid Nucleic Acid Diagnostics for Hepatitis B and C Viruses: A Comprehensive Review.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- The bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and liver disease: Mechanisms, clinical implications, and management strategies.Endocrine · 2026Review
- Vaccination Coverage and Awareness on Hepatitis B Virus Among High School, College, and University Students of Rajshahi Division of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burdens of liver disease due to hepatitis B in women of childbearing age, 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study.AJOG global reports · 2026Article
372 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects more than 300 million people worldwide and is a common cause of liver disease and liver cancer. HBV, a member of the Hepadnaviridae family, is a small DNA virus with unusual features similar to retroviruses. HBV replicates through an RNA intermediate and can integrate into the host genome. The unique features of the HBV replication cycle confer a distinct ability of the virus to persist in infected cells. Virological and serological assays have been developed for diagnosis of various forms of HBV-associated disease and for treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from acute (including fulminant hepatic failure) to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Acute HBV infection can be either asymptomatic or present with symptomatic acute hepatitis. Most adults infected with the virus recover, but 5%-10% are unable to clear the virus and become chronically infected. Many chronically infected persons have mild liver disease with little or no long-term morbidity or mortality. Other individuals with chronic HBV infection develop active disease, which can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. These patients require careful monitoring and warrant therapeutic intervention. Extrahepatic manifestations of HBV infection are rare but can be difficult to diagnose and manage. The challenges in the area of HBV-associated disease are the lack of knowledge in predicting outcome and progression of HBV infection and an unmet need to understand the molecular, cellular, immunological, and genetic basis of various disease manifestations associated with HBV infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.