ArticleInfection and immunity2009
OspC-independent infection and dissemination by host-adapted Borrelia burgdorferi.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cutaneous Lyme borreliosis: Guideline of the German Dermatology Society.German medical science : GMS e-journal · 2025Guideline
- Polyvalent mRNA vaccine targeting outer surface protein C affords multi-strain protection against Lyme disease.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Novel recombinant vaccinia virus-vectored vaccine affords complete protection against homologousEmerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Gac Is a Transcriptional Repressor of the Lyme Disease Spirochete's OspC Virulence-Associated Surface Protein.Journal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- Borrelia burgdorferi Outer Surface Protein C Is Not the Sole Determinant of Dissemination in Mammals.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Possible effect of mutations on serological detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto ospC major groups: An in-silico study.PloS one · 2023Article
- DNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine targeting outer surface protein C affords protection against homologousFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Consistent Tick-Vertebrate Infectious Cycle of the Lyme Disease Spirochete Enables Borrelia burgdorferi To Control Protein Expression by Monitoring Its Physiological Status.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Review
- Live Imaging.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Review
- Delineating Surface Epitopes of Lyme Disease Pathogen Targeted by Highly Protective Antibodies of New Zealand White Rabbits.Infection and immunity · 2019Article
- Genome-wide screen identifies novel genes required for Borrelia burgdorferi survival in its Ixodes tick vector.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
- Transfusion-Associated Lyme Disease - Although Unlikely, It Is Still a Concern Worth Considering.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Virulence of the Lyme disease spirochete before and after the tick bloodmeal: a quantitative assessment.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Article
- Raft-like membrane domains in pathogenic microorganisms.Current topics in membranes · 2015Review
- vls Antigenic Variation Systems of Lyme Disease Borrelia: Eluding Host Immunity through both Random, Segmental Gene Conversion and Framework Heterogeneity.Microbiology spectrum · 2014Review
- Bacterial heterogeneity is a requirement for host superinfection by the Lyme disease spirochete.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Selective association of outer surface lipoproteins with the lipid rafts of Borrelia burgdorferi.mBio · 2014Article
- Transposon mutagenesis as an approach to improved understanding of Borrelia pathogenesis and biology.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Review
- Lipoprotein succession in Borrelia burgdorferi: similar but distinct roles for OspC and VlsE at different stages of mammalian infection.Molecular microbiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Borrelia burgdorferi OspC is required for the spirochete to establish infection in a mammal by tick transmission or needle inoculation. After a brief essential period, the protein no longer is required and the gene can be shut off. Using a system in which spirochetes contain only an unstable wild-type copy of the ospC gene, we can obtain mice persistently infected with bacteria lacking OspC. We implanted pieces of infected mouse skin subcutaneously in naïve mice, using donors carrying wild-type or ospC mutant spirochetes, and found that both could infect mice by this method, with similar numbers of wild-type or ospC mutant spirochetes disseminated throughout the tissues of recipient mice. Recipient mouse immune responses to tissue transfer-mediated infection with wild-type or ospC mutant spirochetes were similar. These experiments demonstrate that mammalian host-adapted spirochetes can infect and disseminate in mice in the absence of OspC, thereby circumventing this hallmark of tick-derived or in vitro-grown spirochetes. We propose a model in which OspC is one of a succession of functionally equivalent, essential proteins that are synthesized at different stages of mammalian infection. In this model, another protein uniquely present on host-adapted spirochetes performs the same essential function initially fulfilled by OspC. The strict temporal control of B. burgdorferi outer surface protein gene expression may reflect immunological constraints rather than distinct functions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.