ReviewInternational journal of clinical oncology2009
Meta-analysis for the evaluation of surrogate endpoints in cancer clinical trials.
Review in International journal of clinical oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A comprehensive systematic review and network meta-analysis: the role of anti-angiogenic agents in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Individual participant data meta-analysis of intervention studies with time-to-event outcomes: A review of the methodology and an applied example.Research synthesis methods · 2020Pooled it
- Correlation between progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines, taxanes, or targeted therapies: a trial-level meta-analysis.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2015Pooled it
- A Bayesian prediction model between a biomarker and the clinical endpoint for dichotomous variables.Trials · 2014Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the association between progression-free survival and overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer.International journal of colorectal disease · 2012Pooled it
- The evolving role of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Surrogate Biomarkers in Gene Therapy for Orphan Diseases: Validation, Application, and Regulatory Aspects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A General Framework to Assess Complex Heterogeneity in the Strength of a Surrogate Marker.Statistics in medicine · 2025Article
- International consensus to define outcomes for trials of chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer (CORMAC-2): defining the outcomes from the CORMAC core outcome set.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Review
- Progression-free survival as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Surrogate Endpoints as Predictors of Overall Survival in Metastatic Urothelial Cancer: A Trial-level Analysis.European urology open science · 2023Article
- Article
- The usefulness of progression-free survival in surgical treatment of lung metastases.Kardiochirurgia i torakochirurgia polska = Polish journal of cardio-thoracic surgery · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of Fucoidan on Supplemental Therapy in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Clinical and cost outcomes following genomics-informed treatment for advanced cancers.Cancer medicine · 2021Article
- Evaluation of Continuous Tumor-Size-Based End Points as Surrogates for Overall Survival in Randomized Clinical Trials in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.JAMA network open · 2019Article
- A Systematic Review and Recommendation for Reporting of Surrogate Endpoint Evaluation Using Meta-analyses.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2019Review
- Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in the era of individual patient data sharing.International journal of clinical oncology · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The identification and validation of putative surrogate endpoints in oncology is a great challenge to medical investigators, statisticians, and regulators. A putative surrogate endpoint must be validated at both individual-level and trial-level before it can be used to replace the clinical endpoint in a future clinical trial. Recently, meta-analytic methods for evaluating potential surrogates have become widely accepted in cancer clinical trials. In this review, after addressing multiple complications and general issues surrounding surrogate endpoints, we review various proposed and adopted meta-analytic methodologies pertaining to the application of these methods to oncology clinical trials with different tumor types. In oncology, several applications have successfully identified useful surrogates. For example, disease-free survival and progression-free survival have been validated through meta-analyses as acceptable surrogates for overall survival in adjuvant colon cancer and advanced colorectal cancer, respectively. We also discuss several limitations of surrogate endpoints, including the critical issues that the extrapolation of the validity of a surrogate is always context-dependent and that such extrapolation should be exercised with caution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19390940What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.