Trial reportDiabetes care2009
Comparison of a multiple daily insulin injection regimen (basal once-daily glargine plus mealtime lispro) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (lispro) in type 1 diabetes: a randomized open parallel multicenter study.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2024Guideline
- Pooled it
- The evidence base for diabetes technology: appropriate and inappropriate meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2013Pooled it
- Diabetes: glycaemic control in type 1.BMJ clinical evidence · 2011Pooled it
- Randomized Cross-Over Study Comparing Two Infusion Sets for CSII in Daily Life.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2017Trial
- Trial
- The Silver Jubilee (2025) of Insulin Glargine: Introducing the Era of Long-Acting Insulin Analogues for Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
- Impact of government-funded insulin pump programs on insulin pump use in Canada: a cross-sectional study using the National Diabetes Repository.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2021Article
- Improved Glycemic Outcomes with Early Initiation of Insulin Pump Therapy in Pediatric Postoperative Total Pancreatectomy with Islet Autotransplantation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- A Review of Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine and Insulin Lispro in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2018Review
- Active Subjects With Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes Have Better Metabolic Profiles Than Sedentary Controls.Cell transplantation · 2017Article
- Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in diabetes: patient populations, safety, efficacy, and pharmacoeconomics.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2016Review
- Polymorphic basal rates of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion among Taiwanese children with type 1 diabetes.BioMed research international · 2015Article
- Treatment satisfaction and glycemic control in young Type 1 diabetic patients in transition from pediatric health care: CSII versus MDI.Endocrine · 2014Article
- Minimal functional β-cell mass in intraportal implants that reduces glycemic variability in type 1 diabetic recipients.Diabetes care · 2013Article
- Management of diabetes mellitus: is the pump mightier than the pen?Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2012Review
- Metabolic control in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital.Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2011Article
- Clinical experience with insulin glargine in type 1 diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2010Review
- Hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus.Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveInsulin pump therapy (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII]) and multiple daily injections (MDIs) with insulin glargine as basal insulin and mealtime insulin lispro have not been prospectively compared in people naïve to either regimen in a multicenter study. We aimed to help close that deficiency. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPeople with type 1 diabetes on NPH-based insulin therapy were randomized to CSII or glargine-based MDI (both otherwise using lispro) and followed for 24 weeks in an equivalence design. Fifty people were correctly randomized, and 43 completed the study.
resultsTotal insulin requirement (mean +/- SD) at end point was 36.2 +/- 11.5 units/day on CSII and 42.6 +/- 15.5 units/day on MDI. Mean A1C fell similarly in the two groups (CSII -0.7 +/- 0.7%; MDI -0.6 +/- 0.8%) with a baseline-adjusted difference of -0.1% (95% CI -0.5 to 0.3). Similarly, fasting blood glucose and other preprandial, postprandial, and nighttime self-monitored plasma glucose levels did not differ between the regimens, nor did measures of plasma glucose variability. On CSII, 1,152 hypoglycemia events were recorded by 23 of 28 participants (82%) and 1,022 in the MDI group by 27 of 29 patients (93%) (all hypoglycemia differences were nonsignificant). Treatment satisfaction score increased more with CSII; however, the change in score was similar for the groups. Costs were approximately 3.9 times higher for CSII.
conclusionsIn unselected people with type 1 diabetes naïve to CSII or insulin glargine, glycemic control is no better with the more expensive CSII therapy compared with glargine-based MDI therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.