ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
An ABC transport system that maintains lipid asymmetry in the gram-negative outer membrane.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 321 papers.
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Who cites it
321 citing papers in PubMed, 503 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Independent tuning of outer membrane fluidity and mechanics in Gram-negative bacteria.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Lipopolysaccharide insertion and vesicle mediated turnover drive growth independent outer membrane adaptation in Escherichia coli.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Peptidoglycan Remodeling in Gram-Negative Bacteria: From Stress Adaptation to Antibiotic Tolerance and Therapeutic Targeting.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Origin and transport of bacterial hopanoids.mSystems · 2026Article
- Outer membrane remodeling via lipid-peptidoglycan crosstalk enables lipooligosaccharide-deficient colistin resistance.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Genome-wide analysis of the Escherichia coli Keio collection reveals genetic determinants associated with ferulic acid responses.Folia microbiologica · 2026Article
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- The multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod induces pore-like membrane defects, contributing to its antimicrobial activity.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
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- A predator-prey interaction between myxobacteria and fungi mediated by outer membrane vesicles.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Marine Antimicrobial Peptide as a Promising Alternative to Polymyxin B.Marine drugs · 2026Article
- Multiple Sclerosis Drug Fingolimod Exhibits Antibacterial Activity through Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
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- Lipid landscaping of the bacterial cell surface.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles: From Biogenesis, Isolation and Molecular Characterization to Addressing Translational Gaps and Regulatory Barriers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A surface-exposed cardiolipin synthase provides an unexpected paradigm for maintaining the Gram-negative outer membrane.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Epitranscriptomic control of stress adaptations in Escherichia coli.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
261 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The outer membranes (OMs) of gram-negative bacteria have an asymmetric lipid distribution with lipopolysaccharides at the outer leaflet and phospholipids (PLs) at the inner leaflet. This lipid arrangement is essential for the barrier function of the OM and for the viability of most gram-negative bacteria. Cells with OM assembly defects or cells exposed to harsh chemical treatments accumulate PLs in the outer leaflet of the OM and this disrupts lipopolysaccharide organization and increases sensitivity to small toxic molecules. We have identified an ABC transport system in Escherichia coli with predicted import function that serves to prevent PL accumulation in the outer leaflet of the OM. This highly conserved pathway, which we have termed the Mla pathway for its role in preserving OM lipid asymmetry, is composed of at least 6 proteins and contains at least 1 component in each cellular compartment. We propose that the Mla pathway constitutes a bacterial intermembrane PL trafficking system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.