ArticlePloS one2009
Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by macrophages exerts cytoprotective effects manifested by the upregulation of antiapoptotic factors.
Article in PloS one, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-Scale Meta-analysis of Host Responses to Staphylococcus aureus Identifies Pathways for Host-Directed Therapeutic Targeting.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
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- Fighting the invader: strategies against intracellular bacteria.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Intracellular survival ofVirulence · 2025Review
- Backtracking metabolic dynamics in single cells predicts bacterial replication in human macrophages.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- A historical perspective of Kupffer cells in the context of infection.Cell and tissue research · 2025Review
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- Clinical and in vitro models identify distinct adaptations enhancing Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis in human macrophages.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- STAT3 Deficiency Alters the Macrophage Activation Pattern and Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Expression during Staphylococcal Pneumonia.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- The Therapeutic Potential of 4-Methoxy-1-methyl-2-oxopyridine-3-carbamide (MMOXC) Derived from Ricinine on Macrophage Cell Lines Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Strains of Staphylococcus aureus.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Intracellular Habitation ofBiomedicines · 2022Review
- Non-Canonical Host Intracellular Niche Links to New Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanism.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Staphylococcal trafficking and infection-from 'nose to gut' and back.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- IFI44 is an immune evasion biomarker for SARS-CoV-2 andFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Fibrin(ogen) engagement of S. aureus promotes the host antimicrobial response and suppression of microbe dissemination following peritoneal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Investigation of hub gene associated with the infection of Staphylococcus aureus via weighted gene co-expression network analysis.BMC microbiology · 2021Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly apparent that Staphylococcus aureus are able to survive engulfment by macrophages, and that the intracellular environment of these host cells, which is essential to innate host defenses against invading microorganisms, may in fact provide a refuge for staphylococcal survival and dissemination. Based on this, we postulated that S. aureus might induce cytoprotective mechanisms by changing gene expression profiles inside macrophages similar to obligate intracellular pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. To validate our hypothesis we first ascertained whether S. aureus infection could affect programmed cell death in human (hMDMs) and mouse (RAW 264.7) macrophages and, specifically, protect these cells against apoptosis. Our findings indicate that S. aureus-infected macrophages are more resistant to staurosporine-induced cell death than control cells, an effect partly mediated via the inhibition of cytochrome c release from mitochondria. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of human monocyte-derived macrophages during S. aureus infection revealed a significant increase in the expression of antiapoptotic genes. This was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR analysis of selected genes involved in mitochondria-dependent cell death, clearly showing overexpression of BCL2 and MCL1. Cumulatively, the results of our experiments argue that S. aureus is able to induce a cytoprotective effect in macrophages derived from different mammal species, which can prevent host cell elimination, and thus allow intracellular bacterial survival. Ultimately, it is our contention that this process may contribute to the systemic dissemination of S. aureus infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.