ArticlePLoS pathogens2009
Deletions in the repertoire of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 type III secretion effector genes reveal functional overlap among effectors.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 144 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
144 citing papers in PubMed, 282 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biosensors reveal distinct cytosolic pH and redox dynamics across seedlings in response to danger signals and pathogen infection.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- The two-component regulator CvsR has a small core regulonMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Pathological convergence of a bacterial plant pathogen is associated with the horizontal transfer of an effector-containing mobile element.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Genomic Surveillance of Epiphytic Pseudomonas syringae Highlights Shared Reservoirs and Cross-Habitat Threats to Cherry Orchards and Nearby Woodland Plants.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- From gene-for-gene to NLRome-for-effectorome: decoding the dynamic interplay between phytopathogenic effector networks and plant immune systems.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Deciphering the genomic and functional basis of virulence and immune modulation inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Humidity-driven ABA depletion determines plant-pathogen competition for leaf water.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The two-component regulator CvsR has a small core regulonbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The Two Tomato Ubiquitin E1 Enzymes Play Unequal Roles in Host Immunity.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Multiple effectors trigger non-host resistance in Solanum americanum against Pseudomonas syringae.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 6605 Requires Seven Type III Effectors to Infect Nicotiana benthamiana.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- The conserved AvrE family of bacterial effectors: functions and targets during pathogenesis.Trends in microbiology · 2025Review
- Individually redundant effectors are collectively required for bacterial pathogen virulence.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
- XopM, An FFAT Motif-Containing Type III Effector Protein From Xanthomonas, Suppresses MTI Responses at the Plant Plasma Membrane.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Extracellular plant subtilases dampen cold-shock peptide elicitor levels.Nature plants · 2024Article
- Pathogenicity, phylogenomic, and comparative genomic study ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Natural variation of immune epitopes reveals intrabacterial antagonism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Functional Analysis of Type III Effectors inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
84 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The gamma-proteobacterial plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 uses the type III secretion system to inject ca. 28 Avr/Hop effector proteins into plants, which enables the bacterium to grow from low inoculum levels to produce bacterial speck symptoms in tomato, Arabidopsis thaliana, and (when lacking hopQ1-1) Nicotiana benthamiana. The effectors are collectively essential but individually dispensable for the ability of the bacteria to defeat defenses, grow, and produce symptoms in plants. Eighteen of the effector genes are clustered in six genomic islands/islets. Combinatorial deletions involving these clusters and two of the remaining effector genes revealed a redundancy-based structure in the effector repertoire, such that some deletions diminished growth in N. benthamiana only in combination with other deletions. Much of the ability of DC3000 to grow in N. benthamiana was found to be due to five effectors in two redundant-effector groups (REGs), which appear to separately target two high-level processes in plant defense: perception of external pathogen signals (AvrPto and AvrPtoB) and deployment of antimicrobial factors (AvrE, HopM1, HopR1). Further support for the membership of HopR1 in the same REG as AvrE was gained through bioinformatic analysis, revealing the existence of an AvrE/DspA/E/HopR effector superfamily, which has representatives in virtually all groups of proteobacterial plant pathogens that deploy type III effectors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.