ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2009
Vitamin D is associated with cognitive function in elders receiving home health services.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03320109 (Vitamin D Status and Intakes and Their Association With Cognitive Trajectory in a Longitudinal Study of Urban Adults), which is not on this map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Vitamin D Status and Intakes and Their Association With Cognitive Trajectory in a Longitudinal Study of Urban Adults
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 189 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D as a Biomarker of Ill Health among the Over-50s: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Three Doses of Vitamin D and Cognitive Outcomes in Older Women: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2020Trial
- Calcium and vitamin D supplementation and cognitive impairment in the women's health initiative.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2012Trial
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive and emotional functioning in young adults--a randomised controlled trial.PloS one · 2011Trial
- Vitamin D and risk of cognitive decline in elderly persons.Archives of internal medicine · 2010Trial
- Neuroprotective Roles of Vitamin D: Bridging the Gap Between Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cognitive Decline.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Vitamin D and Neurological Health: Unraveling Risk Factors, Disease Progression, and Treatment Potential.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine "double-risk" status with executive dysfunction in older adults with hypertension.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Prevalence and patterns of vitamin D deficiency and its role in cognitive functioning in a cohort from South India.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D with gait speed and handgrip strength in patients on hemodialysis.BMC nephrology · 2022Observational
- Role of Neural Stem Cells and Vitamin D Receptor (VDR)-Mediated Cellular Signaling in the Mitigation of Neurological Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Cognition enhancing abilities of vitamin D, epalrestat and their combination in diabetic rats with and without scopolamine induced amnesia.Cognitive neurodynamics · 2022Article
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI).Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2022Review
- Investigating Potential Dose-Response Relationships between Vitamin D Status and Cognitive Performance: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Middle- to Older-Aged Adults in the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Protective Effect of Vitamin D3 Against Pb-Induced Neurotoxicity by Regulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways.Neurotoxicity research · 2021Article
- Serum vitamin D and cognition in a cohort of Boston-area Puerto Ricans.Nutritional neuroscience · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Association of vitamin D nutrition with neuro-developmental outcome of infants of slums in Bangladesh.PloS one · 2019Observational
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe objective of this study was to examine the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)D, and cognitive function.
methodsA cross-sectional investigation of 25(OH)D and cognition was completed in 377 black and 703 non-black (mainly Caucasian) elders (65-99 years) participating in the nutrition and memory in elders study. Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and 25(OH)D concentrations were obtained.
resultsMore than 65% of elders had suboptimal 25(OH)D concentrations (< or =20 ng/mL or < or =50 nmol/L). Approximately 18% were deficient in 25(OH)D (<10 ng/mL or <25 nmol/L). After adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, education, center, kidney function, seasonality, physical activity, and alcohol use, 25(OH)D was associated with better performance on trails A (beta = -0.49, p < .03), trails B (beta = -0.73, p < .02), digit symbol (beta = 0.19, p < .001), matrix reasoning (beta = 0.04, p < .02), and block design (beta = 0.07, p < .04) tests. Associations remained after adjustment for homocysteine, apoE4 allele, plasma B vitamins, and multivitamin use (y/n). 25(OH)D concentrations >20 ng/mL were associated with better performance on tests of executive function, including trails A (80.5 vs 95, p < .05), trails B (205s vs 226s, p < .05), matrix reasoning (7.8 vs 7.0, p = .03), and digit symbol (31.5 vs 37, p < .01). There were no associations between 25(OH)D and memory tests. Factor analysis yielded factors for memory, executive function, and attention/processing speed. After adjustment, 25(OH)D was associated with the executive function (beta = 0.01, p < 0.01) and attention/processing speed factors (beta = 0.01, p = .03), but not the memory factor (beta = -0.001, p = 0.65).
conclusions25(OH)D was positively associated with cognitive performance, particularly with measures of executive function in this elderly population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.