ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2009
Possible environmental origin of resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus to medical triazoles.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 212 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
212 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 417 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Changing Azole Resistance: A Secondary Analysis of the MUTT I Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA ophthalmology · 2016Trial
- Aneuploidy promotes transient stress adaptation and metabolic flexibility in the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Agricultural fungicides shape soil and sediment reservoirs of multidrug-resistant fungi.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Persistence of azole-resistantmSphere · 2026Article
- Article
- Current Evidence on Voriconazole Exposure and Individualized Therapy for Aspergillosis.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Detection of TR34/L98H pan-azole-resistantFrontiers in fungal biology · 2026Article
- Identification and Distribution of Potentially Azole-Resistant Airborne Fungi in Outdoor Environments of the Basque Country.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Whole-chromosome duplications drive antimicrobial resistance inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of fungi and their antifungal and disinfectant resistance in hospital environments: insights into combating nosocomial mycoses.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Recent developments inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Aspergillus fumigatus mitogenomes and their influence on azole-resistant and -susceptible populations.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2025Article
- Moving beyond multi-triazole to multi-fungicide resistance: Broader selection of drug resistance in the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Activity of Azole and Non-Azole Substances AgainstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Aspergillus spp., aspergillosis and azole usage in animal species in Europe: Results from a multisectoral survey and review of recent literature.Medical mycology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Review of Environmental Surveillance for Azole-ResistantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Land use drives drug resistance in an airborne human fungal pathogen.The ISME journal · 2025Article
- New antifungal strategies and drug development against WHO critical priority fungal pathogens.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
152 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We reported the emergence of resistance to medical triazoles of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from patients with invasive aspergillosis. A dominant resistance mechanism was found, and we hypothesized that azole resistance might develop through azole exposure in the environment rather than in azole-treated patients. We investigated if A. fumigatus isolates resistant to medical triazoles are present in our environment by sampling the hospital indoor environment and soil from the outdoor environment. Antifungal susceptibility, resistance mechanisms, and genetic relatedness were compared with those of azole-resistant clinical isolates collected in a previous study. Itraconazole-resistant A. fumigatus (five isolates) was cultured from the indoor hospital environment as well as from soil obtained from flower beds in proximity to the hospital (six isolates) but never from natural soil. Additional samples of commercial compost, leaves, and seeds obtained from a garden center and a plant nursery were also positive (four isolates). Cross-resistance was observed for voriconazole, posaconazole, and the azole fungicides metconazole and tebuconazole. Molecular analysis showed the presence of the dominant resistance mechanism, which was identical to that found in clinical isolates, in 13 of 15 environmental isolates, and it showed that environmental and clinical isolates were genetically clustered apart from nonresistant isolates. Patients with azole-resistant aspergillosis might have been colonized with azole-resistant isolates from the environment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.