ArticleJournal of bacteriology2009
Occurrence, plasticity, and evolution of the vpma gene family, a genetic system devoted to high-frequency surface variation in Mycoplasma agalactiae.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative genomic analysis of Mycoplasma agalactiae strain GM139 highlights unique surface architecture and pathogenic determinants.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Review
- Serum Resistance ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Sheep Infection Trials with 'Phase-Locked' Vpma Expression Variants ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Predominant Single Stable VpmaV Expression in Strain GM139 and Major Differences withAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Mycoplasma agalactiae ST35: a new sequence type with a minimal accessory genome primarily affecting goats.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Molecular Identification of Mycoplasma agalactiae in Iran Based on P30 Gene.Archives of Razi Institute · 2021Article
- Genomic Islands in Mycoplasmas.Genes · 2020Review
- Mycoplasma Chromosomal Transfer: A Distributive, Conjugative Process Creating an Infinite Variety of Mosaic Genomes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- The Integrative Conjugative Element (ICE) ofmBio · 2018Article
- Vpma phase variation is important for survival and persistence of Mycoplasma agalactiae in the immunocompetent host.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Integrative conjugative elements are widespread in field isolates of Mycoplasma species pathogenic for ruminants.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Article
- Experimental infections with Mycoplasma agalactiae identify key factors involved in host-colonization.PloS one · 2014Article
- Role of Vpma phase variation in Mycoplasma agalactiae pathogenesis.FEMS immunology and medical microbiology · 2012Article
- Unexpected genetic diversity of Mycoplasma agalactiae caprine isolates from an endemic geographically restricted area of Spain.BMC veterinary research · 2012Article
- Emergence of atypical Mycoplasma agalactiae strains harboring a new prophage and associated with an alpine wild ungulate mortality episode.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2012Article
- Mycoplasma pulmonis Vsa proteins and polysaccharide modulate adherence to pulmonary epithelial cells.FEMS microbiology letters · 2012Article
- Critical role of dispensable genes in Mycoplasma agalactiae interaction with mammalian cells.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Comparative genomic and proteomic analyses of two Mycoplasma agalactiae strains: clues to the macro- and micro-events that are shaping mycoplasma diversity.BMC genomics · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mycoplasma agalactiae, an important pathogen of small ruminants, exhibits a very versatile surface architecture by switching multiple, related lipoproteins (Vpmas) on and off. In the type strain, PG2, Vpma phase variation is generated by a cluster of six vpma genes that undergo frequent DNA rearrangements via site-specific recombination. To further comprehend the degree of diversity that can be generated at the M. agalactiae surface, the vpma gene repertoire of a field strain, 5632, was analyzed and shown to contain an extended repertoire of 23 vpma genes distributed between two loci located 250 kbp apart. Loci I and II include 16 and 7 vpma genes, respectively, with all vpma genes of locus II being duplicated at locus I. Several Vpmas displayed a chimeric structure suggestive of homologous recombination, and a global proteomic analysis further indicated that at least 13 of the 16 Vpmas can be expressed by the 5632 strain. Because a single promoter is present in each vpma locus, concomitant Vpma expression can occur in a strain with duplicated loci. Consequently, the number of possible surface combinations is much higher for strain 5632 than for the type strain. Finally, our data suggested that insertion sequences are likely to be involved in 5632 vpma locus duplication at a remote chromosomal position. The role of such mobile genetic elements in chromosomal shuffling of genes encoding major surface components may have important evolutionary and epidemiological consequences for pathogens, such as mycoplasmas, that have a reduced genome and no cell wall.
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