ArticleMolecular immunology2009
Virus-like particle vaccine activates conventional B2 cells and promotes B cell differentiation to IgG2a producing plasma cells.
Article in Molecular immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunogenicity of HIV-1Vaccines · 2025Article
- Heterologous Prime-Boost with Immunologically Orthogonal Protein Nanoparticles for Peptide Immunofocusing.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Heterologous Prime-Boost with Immunologically Orthogonal Protein Nanoparticles for Peptide Immunofocusing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Virus-like particle: a nano-platform that delivers cancer antigens to elicit an anti-tumor immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The effects of high shear rates on the average hydrodynamic diameter measured in biomimetic HIV Gag virus-like particle dispersions.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Novel adjuvants in allergen-specific immunotherapy: where do we stand?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Generation of Antibodies Selectively Recognizing Epitopes in a Formaldehyde-Fixed Cell-Surface Antigen Using Virus-like Particle Display and Hybridoma Technology.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
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- CTLA-4 Blockade, during HIV Virus-Like Particles Immunization, Alters HIV-Specific B-Cell Responses.Vaccines · 2020Article
- Review
- Design Concepts of Virus-Like Particle-Based HIV-1 Vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Adenovirus based virus-like-vaccines targeting endogenous retroviruses can eliminate growing colorectal cancers in mice.Oncotarget · 2019Article
- Qß Virus-like particle-based vaccine induces robust immunity and protects against tauopathy.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- A Recombinant Subviral Particle-Based Vaccine Protects Magpie (Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- A Vaccine Based on a Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Vector Expressing Zika Virus Structural Proteins Controls Zika Virus Replication in Mice.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Article
- Toll-like receptor 3 adjuvant in combination with virus-like particles elicit a humoral response against HIV.Vaccine · 2016Article
- Influenza virus-like particles engineered by protein transfer with tumor-associated antigens induces protective antitumor immunity.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2015Article
- A Novel Prime and Boost Regimen of HIV Virus-Like Particles with TLR4 Adjuvant MPLA Induces Th1 Oriented Immune Responses against HIV.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We have previously shown that immunization with SIV-, SHIV-, or HA (influenza hemagglutinin)-virus-like particles (VLPs) elicits a strong humoral immune response in mice. However, little is known about the action VLPs exert on immune effector cells, including B cells. In this study, we found that all three types of VLPs could directly bind and activate B cells in vitro. VLPs stimulated the proliferation of B220(+)IgM(+)CD43(-)CD5(-) B2 cells and their differentiation to plasma cells that preferentially produce IgG2a antibodies. Up-regulation of Blimp-1, XBP-1, IRF4, and AID genes, which are responsible for class-switch recombination and somatic hypermutation, was observed in VLP-activated B2 cells. Stimulation of naïve splenocytes with VLPs led to a high expression of IL-12, RANTES and MIP, the cytokine milieu that favors B cell differentiation into IgG2a secreting cells. VLP immunization of C57BL/6 mice corroborated our in vitro data showing enlarged germinal centers and expanded conventional B2 cells, but no enlarged marginal zone B1 cells, in the spleen. Enhanced antigen-specific plasma cell formation, antibody production, and IgG2a class switching were found in VLP-immunized groups. The current study details the interaction between VLPs and B cells which result in preferential IgG2a antibody production following VLP immunization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.