Trial reportNeuroImage2009
An fMRI study of cytokine-induced depressed mood and social pain: the role of sex differences.
Trial report in NeuroImage, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00949845 (An fMRI Study of Cytokine-Associated Depression and Social Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 152 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An fMRI Study of Cytokine-Associated Depression and Social Pain
Who cites it
152 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 307 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of successful anti-inflammatory drug trials in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-regression and critical commentary.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Pooled it
- Inflammation and depression in young people: a systematic review and proposed inflammatory pathways.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Sickness and the Social Brain: Love in the Time of COVID.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Functional neuroanatomy of peripheral inflammatory physiology: A meta-analysis of human neuroimaging studies.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of the anterior cingulate contribution to social pain.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2015Pooled it
- The effect of antidepressant medication treatment on serum levels of inflammatory cytokines: a meta-analysis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2011Pooled it
- Olink proteomics identifies FGF-19 as a treatment-responsive inflammatory biomarker associated with acupuncture intervention in young females with mild depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Consummatory deficits in close social reward predict inflammation-induced depressed mood.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Trial
- Inflammation-induced depressed mood and reward responsivity as a function of age in female adults: a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin.Translational psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Effects of a mild inflammatory challenge on cytokines and sickness behavior: A randomized controlled trial using the influenza vaccine.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Trial
- Systemic Inflammation and Anhedonic Responses to an Inflammatory Challenge in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Sex Differences in the Relationship Between Inflammation and Reward Sensitivity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Endotoxin.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2019Trial
- Moderators for depressed mood and systemic and transcriptional inflammatory responses: a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Effects of acute systemic inflammation on the interplay between sad mood and affective cognition.Translational psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Systemic inflammation enhances stimulant-induced striatal dopamine elevation.Translational psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Acupuncture treatment modulates the corticostriatal reward circuitry in major depressive disorder.Journal of psychiatric research · 2017Trial
- Preexisting mild sleep disturbance as a vulnerability factor for inflammation-induced depressed mood: a human experimental study.Translational psychiatry · 2016Trial
- Trait sensitivity to social disconnection enhances pro-inflammatory responses to a randomized controlled trial of endotoxin.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2015Trial
- Trial
92 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although research has demonstrated a relationship between proinflammatory cytokine activity and depressive symptoms, the neurocognitive processes underlying this relationship have remained largely unexplored. Here, we examined the effect of proinflammatory cytokine activation on the neural correlates of socially painful experience and associated depressed mood. Participants received either low-dose endotoxin or placebo through intravenous injection. Levels of the proinflammatory cytokine, IL-6, were repeatedly assessed through hourly blood draws; self-reported depressed mood was assessed hourly as well. Two hours post-injection, participants completed a neuroimaging session in which they were socially excluded during an online ball-tossing game. Replicating previous research, individuals exposed to endotoxin, compared to placebo, showed increases in IL-6 levels and depressed mood. Although there were no meaningful differences between the endotoxin and control groups in neural responses to social exclusion, there were sex differences in the relationships between IL-6 increases and neural responses to exclusion among subjects exposed to endotoxin. Among females, but not males, exposed to endotoxin, increases in IL-6 were associated with increases in social pain-related neural activity (dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula) that mediated the relationship between IL-6 increases and depressed mood increases. Implications of these sex differences in the neural correlates of cytokine-associated depressed mood and social pain are discussed.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.