ReviewPlacenta2009
Rheological and physiological consequences of conversion of the maternal spiral arteries for uteroplacental blood flow during human pregnancy.
Review in Placenta, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07092644 (Preeclampsia e Malformazioni Cardiache Fetali), which is not on this map. Cited by 480 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Preeclampsia e Malformazioni Cardiache Fetali: Uno Sguardo al Cuore Materno
Who cites it
480 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of the evolution of placental oxidative stress research from a bibliometric perspective.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Atypical Preeclampsia before 20 Weeks of Gestation-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Corpus luteum number and the maternal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as determinants of utero-placental (vascular) development: the Rotterdam Periconceptional Cohort.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2021Trial
- Gene regulation at the early human maternal-fetal interface.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Therapeutics Beyond Delivery: Repurposed Drugs and Biologic Pathways.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- Multiscale computational modeling to quantify how spiral artery remodeling alters wall shear stress on placental villi.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- The pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2026Review
- Immunology of Normal Pregnancy and Preeclampsia and the Role of Placental Non-Classical HLA and Decidual NK Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- FXYD1 dysregulation impairs trophoblast function via a miR-486-3p-regulated axis in recurrent miscarriage.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026Article
- Predictive value of a nomogram based on multiparameter quantitative ultrasound for pregnancy outcomes in infertile women attempting natural conception.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Placental basal plate with attached myofibers and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic scoping review.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Is the HLA System Really Involved in Implantation, Pregnancy, or Abortion of the Fetus?: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Controversial Points.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Gestational ages-specific blood pressure patterns and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with chronic hypertension.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- The pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-α and TNF-α inhibit organoid-derived extravillous trophoblast invasion.iScience · 2026Article
- Adhesive and Hemostatic Hydrogel for the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026Article
- L-Citrulline in Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Health: Metabolic Mechanisms and Emerging Therapeutic Applications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Endothelial Dysfunction in Preeclampsia: Focus on the Uteroplacental Circulation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Hematologic markers and machine learning in predicting placenta accreta: A case-control study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- BRIDGING COTYLEDON PATHOLOGY AND PERFUSION IN HEALTHY PRIMATE PREGNANCY.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
420 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Physiological conversion of the maternal spiral arteries is key to a successful human pregnancy. It involves loss of smooth muscle and the elastic lamina from the vessel wall as far as the inner third of the myometrium, and is associated with a 5-10-fold dilation at the vessel mouth. Failure of conversion accompanies common complications of pregnancy, such as early-onset preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. Here, we model the effects of terminal dilation on inflow of blood into the placental intervillous space at term, using dimensions in the literature derived from three-dimensional reconstructions. We observe that dilation slows the rate of flow from 2 to 3m/s in the non-dilated part of an artery of 0.4-0.5mm diameter to approximately 10 cm/s at the 2.5mm diameter mouth, depending on the exact radius and viscosity. This rate predicts a transit time through the intervillous space of approximately 25s, which matches observed times closely. The model shows that in the absence of conversion blood will enter the intervillous space as a turbulent jet at rates of 1-2m/s. We speculate that the high momentum will damage villous architecture, rupturing anchoring villi and creating echogenic cystic lesions as evidenced by ultrasound. The retention of smooth muscle will also increase the risk of spontaneous vasoconstriction and ischaemia-reperfusion injury, generating oxidative stress. Dilation has a surprisingly modest impact on total blood flow, and so we suggest the placental pathology associated with deficient conversion is dominated by rheological consequences rather than chronic hypoxia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.