ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2009
Increasing the acceptability of HIV counseling and testing with three C's: convenience, confidentiality and credibility.
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Uptake and yield of HIV testing and counselling among children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Pooled it
- Towards universal voluntary HIV testing and counselling: a systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based approaches.PLoS medicine · 2013Pooled it
- A systematic review of qualitative findings on factors enabling and deterring uptake of HIV testing in Sub-Saharan Africa.BMC public health · 2013Pooled it
- Uptake of home-based voluntary HIV testing in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Feasibility and robustness of an oral HIV self-test in a rural community in South-Africa: An observational diagnostic study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Economic incentives for HIV testing by adolescents in Zimbabwe: a randomised controlled trial.The lancet. HIV · 2018Trial
- Home-based versus mobile clinic HIV testing and counseling in rural Lesotho: a cluster-randomized trial.PLoS medicine · 2014Trial
- Factors shaping initial decision-making to self-test amongst cohabiting couples in urban Blantyre, Malawi.AIDS and behavior · 2014Trial
- The uptake and accuracy of oral kits for HIV self-testing in high HIV prevalence setting: a cross-sectional feasibility study in Blantyre, Malawi.PLoS medicine · 2011Trial
- Trial
- Acceptability and feasibility of one-stop home-based genital self-sampling for female genital schistosomiasis, human papilloma virus and self-testing for trichomonas and HIV: the Zipime Weka Schista study in Zambia.BMC women's health · 2026Article
- An Evidence-Based Approach to Facilitating PrEP Initiation Among YMSM: The MyPEEPS Plus mHealth and E-Peer Navigation Intervention.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2026Article
- Efforts to link HIV-positive and high-risk blood donors to HIV testing, and treatment services, Mozambique, 2019-2020.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Predicting HIV self-testing intentions among Chinese college students: a dual-model analysis integrating health belief constructs and machine learning prioritization.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Experience with Contraceptive Dosage Forms and Interest in Novel PrEP Technologies in Women.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Acceptability and feasibility of leveraging community-based HIV counselling and testing platforms for same-day oral PrEP initiation among adolescent girls and young women in Eastern Cape, South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Trends in knowledge of HIV status and efficiency of HIV testing services in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-20: a modelling study using survey and HIV testing programme data.The lancet. HIV · 2021Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Agencies engaged in humanitarian efforts to prevent the further spread of HIV have emphasized the importance of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT), and most high-prevalence countries now have facilities that offer testing free of charge. The utilization of these services is disappointingly low, however, despite high numbers reporting that they would like to be tested. Explanations of this discrepancy typically rely on responses to hypothetical questions posed in terms of psychological or social barriers; often, the explanation is that people fear learning that they are infected with a disease that they understand to be fatal and stigmatizing. Yet when we offered door-to-door rapid blood testing for HIV as part of a longitudinal study in rural Malawi, the overwhelming majority agreed to be tested and to receive their results immediately. Thus, in this paper, we ask: why are more people not getting tested? Using an explanatory research design, we find that rural Malawians are responsive to door-to-door HIV testing for the following reasons: it is convenient, confidential, and the rapid blood test is credible. Our study suggests that attention to these factors in VCT strategies may mitigate the fear of HIV testing, and ultimately increase uptake in rural African settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.