ArticleCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2008
Pediatric HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
Article in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- PRINCE-1: safety and efficacy of atazanavir powder and ritonavir liquid in HIV-1-infected antiretroviral-naïve and -experienced infants and children aged ≥3 months to <6 years.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Trial
- Clinical versus rapid molecular HIV diagnosis in hospitalized African infants: a randomized controlled trial simulating point-of-care infant testing.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2014Trial
- Early antiretroviral treatment reduces risk of bacille Calmette-Guérin immune reconstitution adenitis.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2011Trial
- Unmasking Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in a Perinatal HIV Transmission-A Case Report.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- High Incidence of Tuberculosis in Young Children Living With HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- From Pancytopenia to Hyperleukocytosis, an Unexpected Presentation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an Infant with Methylmalonic Acidemia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Host transcriptomic signatures of tuberculosis can predict immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV patients.European journal of immunology · 2022Article
- Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) associated mortality rate of children attending HIV/AIDS care in North West Ethiopia, 2009-2019.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
- Cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a pediatric patient with HIV after switching to second line antiretroviral therapy: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Viral suppression among children and their caregivers living with HIV in western Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- Long-term survival outcomes of HIV infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy: an observational study from Zambia (2003-2015).BMC public health · 2019Observational
- A 12-Year-Old Tanzanian Boy With Headache: A Case Report.Global pediatric health · 2019Article
- Priorities for Decreasing Morbidity and Mortality in Children With Advanced HIV Disease.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Article
- Paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in children.Pediatric pulmonology · 2016Article
- Tuberculosis exposure, infection and disease in children: a systematic diagnostic approach.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2016Review
- Article
- Inherited and acquired immunodeficiencies underlying tuberculosis in childhood.Immunological reviews · 2015Review
- Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant in a patient with Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome type II.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2014Article
- Reasons for hospitalization in HIV-infected children in West Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2014Article
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome from Penicillium marneffei in an HIV-infected child: a case report and review of literature.BMC infectious diseases · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewLittle is known regarding HIV immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in children. As the antiretroviral therapy roll out has gathered pace since 2004 in resource-limited settings, pediatric immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome has emerged as a clinical challenge. RECENT
findingsThe incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome appears to be between 10 and 20%. The commonest causes are mostly mycobacterial, including tuberculosis, atypical mycobacteria and bacillus Calmette-Guérin related. In many pediatric cohorts, however, a marked early mortality within the first 90 days of antiretroviral therapy occurs. This mortality is poorly understood, and the contribution of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome to this mortality is unknown. SUMMARY: Children after starting antiretroviral therapy may have paradoxical worsening of previously treated opportunistic infections. Due to the differences, however, in children's immunology with vertical HIV transmission, children are probably at greater risk of unmasking occult, subclinical infections during immune reconstitution.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.