ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2009
The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in cardiovascular disease.
Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue-specific roles of monoacylglycerol (MAG) in metabolic diseases.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2026Review
- Acute and subacute cardiovascular effects of synthetic cannabinoid JWH-018 in rat.Forensic toxicology · 2025Article
- The endocannabinoid anandamide mediates anti-inflammatory effects through activation of NR4A nuclear receptors.British journal of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Adipokines and their potential impacts on susceptibility to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetes.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Review
- Investigating the Role of Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptors in Vascular Function and Remodeling in a Hypercholesterolemic Mouse Model with Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor Double Knockout Animals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Resistin Regulates Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Humans via the Endocannabinoid System.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Anxiety Modulation by Cannabinoids-The Role of Stress Responses and Coping.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- The association of circulating endocannabinoids with neuroimaging and blood biomarkers of neuro-injury.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Review
- Myeloid But Not Endothelial Expression of the CB2 Receptor Promotes Atherogenesis in the Context of Elevated Levels of the Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2023Article
- Sterol carrier protein 2: A promising target in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.Genes & diseases · 2023Review
- Insight into the Inhibitory Mechanism of Aryl Formyl Piperidine Derivatives on Monoacylglycerol Lipase through Molecular Dynamics Simulations.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- Role of cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in modulation of diabetic cardiomyopathy.World journal of diabetes · 2022Review
- Cannabidiol Downregulates Myocardial de Novo Ceramide Synthesis Pathway in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Review
- The Current and Potential Application of Medicinal Cannabis Products in Dentistry.Dentistry journal · 2021Review
- ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Lesions Leading to Changes in Vascular Contractility and Cannabinoid Receptors Expression as Well as Increased Blood Pressure.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Effect of flaxseed oil supplementation on the erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition and endocannabinoid system modulation in patients with coronary artery disease: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.Genes & nutrition · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are endogenous bioactive lipid mediators present both in the brain and various peripheral tissues, which exert their biological effects via interaction with specific G-protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors, the CB(1) and CB(2). Pathological overactivation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in various forms of shock and heart failure may contribute to the underlying pathology and cardiodepressive state by the activation of the cardiovascular CB(1) receptors. Furthermore, tonic activation of CB(1) receptors by endocannabinoids has also been implicated in the development of various cardiovascular risk factors in obesity/metabolic syndrome and diabetes, such as plasma lipid alterations, abdominal obesity, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and insulin and leptin resistance. In contrast, activation of CB(2) receptors in immune cells exerts various immunomodulatory effects, and the CB(2) receptors in endothelial and inflammatory cells appear to limit the endothelial inflammatory response, chemotaxis, and inflammatory cell adhesion and activation in atherosclerosis and reperfusion injury. Here, we will overview the cardiovascular actions of endocannabinoids and the growing body of evidence implicating the dysregulation of the ECS in a variety of cardiovascular diseases. We will also discuss the therapeutic potential of the modulation of the ECS by selective agonists/antagonists in various cardiovascular disorders associated with inflammation and tissue injury, ranging from myocardial infarction and heart failure to atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.