ArticleAtherosclerosis2009
Antiretroviral compounds and cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
Article in Atherosclerosis, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- All-trans retinoic acid-triggered antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis is dependent on NPC2.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV infection is associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. The effect of antiretroviral drugs on metabolism of atherogenic very low and low density lipoproteins is well studied, but a possible effect of these drugs on reverse cholesterol transport is still unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of various classes of anti-HIV drugs on cellular cholesterol efflux.
methodsThe effect of pharmacological concentrations of seven commonly used antiretroviral compounds, Stavudine, Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Lopinavir, Amprenavir, Nelfinavir and Ritonavir, on cholesterol efflux from RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages and human monocyte-derived macrophages to apolipoprotein A-I and high density lipoprotein was tested.
resultsAt high pharmacological concentration Nelfinavir and Ritonavir inhibited cholesterol efflux, while other compounds had no effect. However, the same concentrations of Nelfinavir and Ritonovir induced apoptosis, suggesting that the effect of these compounds on cholesterol efflux most likely resulted from their cytotoxicity. When tested in non-cytotoxic concentrations, Nelfinavir and Ritonavir did not affect cholesterol efflux from RAW 264.7 cells, human monocyte-derived macrophages, or human macrophages infected with HIV-1.
conclusionsWe conclude that tested antiretroviral compounds do not have a specific effect on cholesterol efflux.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.