Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19352378›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2009

Long-term effects of increased dietary polyunsaturated fat from walnuts on metabolic parameters in type II diabetes.

L C Tapsell, M J Batterham, G Teuss, S-Y Tan, S Dalton, C J Quick, L J Gillen, K E Charlton

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03224533 (Association Between Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk in NHANES May be Gender Sex Specific), which is not on this map. Cited by 80 papers, 21 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
80citing papers in PubMed, 21 pooled it
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03224533 completednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Association Between Walnut Consumption and Diabetes Risk in NHANES May be Gender Sex Specific

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of California, Los AngelesRan2015 to 2017Enrolled34,121ConditionsDiabetes MellitusArmsDiabetes Outcome
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

80 citing papers in PubMed, 21 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.

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  19. Nut consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015
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20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

L C TapsellSmart Foods Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia. ltapsell@uow.edu.au
M J Batterham
G Teuss
S-Y Tan
S Dalton
C J Quick
L J Gillen
K E Charlton
University of Wollongong · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesMost dietary interventions have metabolic effects in the short term, but long-term effects may require dietary fat changes to influence body composition and insulin action. This study assessed the effect of sustained high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake through walnut consumption on metabolic outcomes in type II diabetes. SUBJECTS/

methodsFifty overweight adults with non-insulin-treated diabetes (mean age 54+/-8.7 years) were randomized to receive low-fat dietary advice +/-30 g per day walnuts targeting weight maintenance (around 2000 kcal, 30% fat) for 1 year. Differences between groups were assessed by changes in anthropometric values (body weight, body fat, visceral adipose tissue) and clinical indicators of diabetes over treatment time using the general linear model.

resultsThe walnut group consumed significantly more PUFA than the control (P=0.035), an outcome attributed to walnut consumption (contributing 67% dietary PUFA at 12 months). Most of the effects were seen in the first 3 months. Despite being on weight maintenance diets, both groups sustained a 1-2 kg weight loss, with no difference between groups (P=0.680). Both groups showed improvements in all clinical parameters with significant time effects (P<0.004), bar triacylglycerol levels, but these were just above normal to begin with. The walnut group produced significantly greater reductions in fasting insulin levels (P=0.046), an effect seen largely in the first 3 months.

conclusionsDietary fat can be manipulated with whole foods such as walnuts, producing reductions in fasting insulin levels. Long-term effects are also apparent but subject to fluctuations in dietary intake if not of the disease process.

Indexed as

DietJuglansNutsAdiposityDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dietary FatsFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansInsulinMaleMiddle AgedOverweightPhytotherapyWeight LossDietary FatsFatty Acids, Omega-3Glycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanInsulin

Identifiers

PMID19352378
OpenAlexW2082398379

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.