Trial reportMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2009
VEGF gene therapy fails to improve perfusion of ischemic myocardium in patients with advanced coronary disease: results of the NORTHERN trial.
Trial report in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 263 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adenoviral intramyocardial VEGF-DΔNΔC gene transfer increases myocardial perfusion reserve in refractory angina patients: a phase I/IIa study with 1-year follow-up.European heart journal · 2017Trial
- VEGF 165 gene therapy for patients with refractory angina: mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2013Trial
- Angiogenic Doping: Plausible Yet Difficult to Detect.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Reimagining VEGF Therapy: The Role of PLCγ2 in Pan-Organ Endothelial Networks.Advances in wound care · 2026Article
- Human Myeloid-Derived Growth Factor Induces a Pro-Angiogenic Response and Functional Recovery in a Mouse Model of Peripheral Artery Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- 3D-Mesenchymal stromal cells derived VASH2 alleviates oxidative stress-induced endothelial senescence by mediating α-tubulin detyrosination in systemic sclerosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting lymphatic dysfunction in atherosclerosis: a state-of-the-art review on potential therapies and future directions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Downregulation of TCF19 and ATAD2 causes endothelial cell cycle arrest at the transition from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Article
- Nano-Encapsulated Spicule System Enhances Delivery of Wharton's Jelly MSC Secretome and Promotes Skin Rejuvenation: Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Apolipoprotein A-I Mimetic Peptide Restores VEGF-induced Angiogenesis in Hypercholesterolemic Ischemic Heart by Reducing HDL Proinflammatory Properties.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2025Article
- The calcium awakens: new insights in cardiac gene therapy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Adipsin improves diabetic hindlimb ischemia through SERPINE1 dependent angiogenesis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Article
- Gene Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease: Clinical Perspectives.Yonsei medical journal · 2024Review
- Immunomodulatory Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease.Circulation · 2024Review
- Gene therapy for polygenic or complex diseases.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Its Role in the Cardiovascular System.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Mechanism of salidroside against coronary artery disease by network pharmacology analysis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Progress in Clinical Gene Therapy for Cardiac Disorders.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2023Review
- Therapeutic angiogenesis and tissue revascularization in ischemic vascular disease.Journal of biological engineering · 2023Review
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the promise of proangiogenic gene therapy most clinical trials have failed to show benefit for the primary end point analysis. The NOGA angiogenesis Revascularization Therapy: assessment by RadioNuclide imaging (NORTHERN) trial was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of intramyocardial vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) gene therapy versus placebo, involving seven sites across Canada, designed to overcome major limitations of previous proangiogenic gene therapy trials. A total of 93 patients with refractory Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) class 3 or 4 anginal symptoms were randomized to receive 2,000 microg of VEGF plasmid DNA or placebo (buffered saline) delivered via the endocardial route using an electroanatomical NOGA guidance catheter. There was no difference between the VEGF-treated and the placebo groups in the primary end point of change in myocardial perfusion from baseline to 3 or 6 months, assessed by single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging, although a significant reduction in the ischemic area was seen in both groups. Also, similar improvements in exercise treadmill time and anginal symptoms were seen in the VEGF and the placebo groups at 3 and 6 months, although again there were no differences between these groups. Despite the intramyocardial administration of a high "dose" of plasmid DNA using a percutaneous guidance catheter system, there was no benefit of VEGF gene therapy at 3 or 6 months for any of the end points studied.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.