ReviewPharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior2009
Immunopharmacotherapy: vaccination strategies as a treatment for drug abuse and dependence.
Review in Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- IFN-γ and TLR agonist co-adjuvants enhance the efficacy of a lipid-PLGA hybrid nanoparticle-based oxycodone vaccine.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- A new immunological paradigm for diseases: the protein-homeostasis-system hypothesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- In vitro and in vivo stability of a highly efficient long-acting cocaine hydrolase.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Neural circuits controlling choice behavior in opioid addiction.Neuropharmacology · 2023Review
- Vaccines against Drug Abuse-Are We There Yet?Vaccines · 2022Review
- Immunopharmacotherapeutic advancements in addressing methamphetamine abuse.RSC chemical biology · 2021Review
- Therapeutic and Prophylactic Vaccines to Counteract Fentanyl Use Disorders and Toxicity.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2020Article
- Repeat-Dose Toxicity Study Using the AFPL1-Conjugate Nicotine Vaccine in Male Sprague Dawley Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Alum as an adjuvant for nanoparticle based vaccines: A case study with a hybrid nanoparticle-based nicotine vaccine.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2019Article
- Assessing the immunogenicity and toxicity of the AFPL1-conjugate nicotine vaccine using heterologous and homologous vaccination routes.PloS one · 2019Article
- Hybrid nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccines: Boosting the immunological efficacy by conjugation of potent carrier proteins.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2018Article
- Prescreening of Nicotine Hapten Linkers in Vitro To Select Hapten-Conjugate Vaccine Candidates for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation in Vivo.ACS combinatorial science · 2017Article
- Article
- Suppression of Cocaine-Evoked Hyperactivity by Self-Adjuvanting and Multivalent Peptide Nanofiber Vaccines.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2016Article
- Recent advances in the molecular design of synthetic vaccines.Nature chemistry · 2015Review
- Negatively Charged Carbon Nanohorn Supported Cationic Liposome Nanoparticles: A Novel Delivery Vehicle for Anti-Nicotine Vaccine.Journal of biomedical nanotechnology · 2015Article
- Effects of active anti-methamphetamine vaccination on intravenous self-administration in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- The future potential for cocaine vaccines.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2014Review
- Vaccination for Disease Prevention and Control: the Necessity of Renewed Emphasis and New Approaches.Journal of immunology and immuno-techniques · 2014Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite intensive efforts for its eradication, addiction to both legal and illicit drugs continues to be a major worldwide medical and social problem. Drug addiction is defined as a disease state in which the body relies on a substance for normal functioning and develops physical dependence leading to compulsive and repetitive use despite negative consequences to the user's health, mental state or social life. Psychoactive substances such as cocaine, nicotine, alcohol, and amphetamines are able to cross the blood-brain barrier once ingested and temporarily alter the chemical balance of the brain. Current medications used for the treatment of dependence are typically agonists or antagonists of the drugs of abuse. The complex interrelations of the neuronal circuits have made it difficult to accurately predict the actions of potential agonist/antagonist drugs and have led to undesirable side effects within the central nervous system. Nearly forty years ago, a handful of groups began to explore the possibility of utilizing an individual's own immune machinery to counteract the effects of drug exposure in an approach later termed by our laboratory, immunopharmacotherapy.Immunopharmacotherapy aims to use highly specific antibodies to sequester the drug of interest while the latter is still in the bloodstream. Thus, creation of the antibody-drug complex will blunt crossing of the blood brain barrier (BBB) not only counteracting the reinforcing effects of the drug but also preventing any detrimental side effects on the CNS. In the present mini-review we aim to present a focused summary, including relevant challenges and future directions, of the current state of cocaine and nicotine vaccines as these two programs have been the most successful to date.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.