ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2009
Estimation of absolute fracture risk among middle-aged and older men and women: the EPIC-Norfolk population cohort study.
Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender differences between smoking and the risk of hip fracture.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2024Pooled it
- Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Fractures: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Smoking and fracture risk in men: a meta-analysis of cohort studies, using both frequentist and Bayesian approaches.Scientific reports · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of Testosterone Treatment on Volumetric Bone Density and Strength in Older Men With Low Testosterone: A Controlled Clinical Trial.JAMA internal medicine · 2017Trial
- Article
- The Rotterdam Study: 2012 objectives and design update.European journal of epidemiology · 2011Article
- Vitamin D insufficiency and bone fractures in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.International urology and nephrology · 2011Article
- Exercise prescription after fragility fracture in older adults: a scoping review.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2011Article
- New studies, technology, and the progress of epidemiology.European journal of epidemiology · 2010Article
- The Shanghai Changfeng Study: a community-based prospective cohort study of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly: objectives and design.European journal of epidemiology · 2010Article
- The Generation R Study: design and cohort update 2010.European journal of epidemiology · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
While estimates of relative risks associated with risk factors such as age and bone mineral density (BMD) may be of interest for etiologic and comparative purposes, clinical questions such as who might benefit most from preventive interventions or BMD monitoring depend on estimates of absolute fracture risk. The European prospective investigation into cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study included 25,311 participants (11,476 men) aged 4,079 years in 1993-1997. All participants were followed for osteoporotic fractures to March 2007. Ten-year absolute risk of fracture in men and women were calculated using the baseline survivor function in multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models adjusting for age, sex, history of fractures, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol intake. In comparison of those without history of fracture versus those with history of fracture, the 10-year absolute risk of any fracture in men ranged from 1.0 vs. 1.2% at age 40 years to 3.0 vs. 4.4% at age 75 years. The respective estimates in women ranged from 0.7 vs. 1.0% at age 40 years to 9.3 vs. 17.2% at age 75 years. Statistically significant interaction between age and sex was found (P < 0.001), which contributed to the differences in predicted absolute fracture risks for men and women at different ages. Our study shows the need for population-specific data to develop efficient well calibrated algorithms for assessment of fracture risk. The interaction observed between sex and age points to the need for further prospective studies among men.
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Registered trials
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