ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2009
Assessing the outcomes of prolonged cessation-induction and aid-to-cessation trials: floating prolonged abstinence.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Motivational support intervention to reduce smoking and increase physical activity in smokers not ready to quit: the TARS RCT.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2023Pooled it
- A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial of Remote Varenicline Sampling to Promote Treatment Engagement and Smoking Cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021Trial
- Snus undermines quit attempts but not abstinence: a randomised clinical trial among US smokers.Tobacco control · 2017Trial
- A mixed methods feasibility study of nicotine-assisted smoking reduction programmes delivered by community pharmacists - The RedPharm study.BMC public health · 2017Trial
- A mechanistic test of nicotine replacement therapy sampling for smoking cessation induction.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2015Trial
- Predictors of quit attempts and abstinence among smokers not currently interested in quitting.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2012Trial
- A randomised trial of nicotine assisted reduction to stop in pharmacies - the RedPharm study.BMC public health · 2012Trial
- Nicotine therapy sampling to induce quit attempts among smokers unmotivated to quit: a randomized clinical trial.Archives of internal medicine · 2011Trial
- A randomised controlled trial linking mental health inpatients to community smoking cessation supports: a study protocol.BMC public health · 2011Trial
- Design and methods of a randomized trial testing the novel Wellness Intervention for Smokers Living with HIV (WISH).Contemporary clinical trials · 2021Article
- Article
- Defining and Measuring Abstinence in Clinical Trials of Smoking Cessation Interventions: An Updated Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Review
- Planning a Change Easily (PACE): A randomized controlled trial for smokers who are not ready to quit.Contemporary clinical trials · 2018Article
- Lung Cancer Screening and Smoking Cessation Clinical Trials. SCALE (Smoking Cessation within the Context of Lung Cancer Screening) Collaboration.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2018Review
- Clinician Telephone Training to Reduce Family Tobacco Use: Analysis of Transcribed Recordings.Journal of clinical outcomes management : JCOM · 2016Article
- Primary outcome indices in illicit drug dependence treatment research: systematic approach to selection and measurement of drug use end-points in clinical trials.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionA Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco working group recommended outcome measures for cessation-induction trials and aid-to-cessation trials. Cessation-induction trials aim to motivate unwilling quitters to make a quit attempt. Aid-to-cessation trials give either medication or behavioral interventions to increase the rate at which willing quitters succeed in their attempts. Nicotine-assisted reduction programs combine features of both types of interventions by giving nicotine replacement to unwilling quitters. Treatment can be prolonged more than a year, quit attempts can occur and succeed early or late in the program, and renewed quit attempts are an inherent part of the program. Conventional outcome measures are tied to a fixed but arbitrary point in follow-up and cannot capture the true outcome: Prolonged cessation anchored to the point at which a person makes a successful quit attempt. DISCUSSION: We propose that the outcome should be counted from the successful quit attempt that began during the treatment period and continues for a defined period, ideally 6 months. In particular, if a trial compared a short reduction program with a long reduction program, it would not be possible to obtain an unbiased assessment of the outcome of such a trial using a measure tied to a fixed point in follow-up. Floating prolonged abstinence could provide such an assessment and is suitable for either prolonged cessation-induction trial or combined cessation-induction and aid-to-cessation trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.