ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2009
Quantification of human polyomaviruses JC Virus and BK Virus by TaqMan quantitative PCR and comparison to other water quality indicators in water and fecal samples.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 239 citations in OpenAlex.
- How long do pathogens persist and survive in water? A systematic review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Current Perspectives on JC Polyomavirus Transmission and Associated Diseases: Implications for Prevention in Risk Populations.Viruses · 2026Review
- International Airport Wastewater as a Sentinel Site for Genomic Surveillance of Human Viruses and Bacteriophages.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Large-volume sampling for improved characterization of microbial contamination in agricultural waters: a case study from southeastern U.S. produce farms.Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Novel Bacteroides bacteriophage-like quantitative real-time PCR assays for human sewage pollution measurement.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2025Article
- Ampicillin- and Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Uncovering DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV in Urban Wastewater in Brazil Through Genomic and Molecular Screening.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Aircraft lavatory wastewater surveillance for movement of antimicrobial resistance genes: a proof-of-concept study.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Development of a quantitative metagenomic approach to establish quantitative limits and its application to viruses.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Assessing fecal pollution source in a Northern Michigan Lake using qPCR and a community-based monitoring framework.PloS one · 2025Article
- Review
- Quantitative fecal source characterization of urban municipal storm sewer system outfall 'wet' and 'dry' weather discharges.Water research · 2024Article
- Occurrence of recreational water quality monitoring general fecal indicator bacteria and fecal source identification genetic markers in gray seal scat.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Genetic fecal source identification in urban streams impacted by municipal separate storm sewer system discharges.PloS one · 2023Article
- Tracking SARS-CoV-2 in rivers as a tool for epidemiological surveillance.The Science of the total environment · 2022Article
- Infectious Pepper Mild Mottle Virus and Human Adenoviruses as Viral Indices in Sewage and Water Samples.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- Application of human RNase P normalization for the realistic estimation of SARS-CoV-2 viral load in wastewater: A perspective from Qatar wastewater surveillance.Environmental technology & innovation · 2022Article
- Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Variable fecal source prioritization in recreational waters routinely monitored with viral and bacterial general indicators.Water research · 2021Article
- COVID-19 Crisis Creates Opportunity towards Global Monitoring & Surveillance.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the United States, total maximum daily load standards for bodies of water that do not meet bacterial water quality standards are set by each state. The presence of human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) can be used as an indicator of human-associated sewage pollution in these waters. We have developed and optimized a TaqMan quantitative PCR (QPCR) assay based on the conserved T antigen to both quantify and simultaneously detect two HPyVs; JC virus and BK virus. The QPCR assay was able to consistently quantify > or =10 gene copies per reaction and is linear over 5 orders of magnitude. HPyVs were consistently detected in human waste samples (57 of 64) and environmental waters with known human fecal contamination (5 of 5) and were not amplified in DNA extracted from 127 animal waste samples from 14 species. HPyV concentrations in sewage decreased 81.2 and 84.2% over 28 days incubation at 25 and 35 degrees C, respectively. HPyVs results were compared to Escherichia coli, fecal coliform, and enterococci concentrations and the presence of three other human-associated microbes: Bacteroidetes, Methanobrevibacter smithii, and adenovirus. HPyVs were the most frequently detected of these in human and contaminated environmental samples and were more human specific than the Bacteroidetes (HF183) or M. smithii. HPyVs and M. smithii more closely mimicked the persistence of adenovirus in sewage than the other microbes. The use of this rapid and quantitative assay in water quality research could help regulatory agencies to identify sources of water pollution for improved remediation of contaminated waters and ultimately protect humans from exposure to pathogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.