Trial reportJournal of vascular surgery2009
Inflammatory cytokine levels in chronic venous insufficiency ulcer tissue before and after compression therapy.
Trial report in Journal of vascular surgery, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cytokines and Venous Leg Ulcer Healing-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of medical grade compression garments on the repeated-bout effect in non-resistance-trained men.Experimental physiology · 2023Trial
- [Randomized clinical trial of compression therapy of the lower legs in patients with psoriasis].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Trial
- The effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on wound healing: a preliminary study.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2018Trial
- pH-responsive injectable hydrogel dressing integrating antibacteria, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and angiogenesis for infected wound healing.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Article
- Outcomes of iliofemoral venous stenting in women with venous ulcers.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2026Article
- Skin-inspired phototherapeutic cryogel ameliorates infected wound healing by orchestrating mechanotransduction and immunomodulation.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Developing an Evidence-Based and Patient-Centred Care Concept to Address Deficits in German Primary Care of Venous Leg Ulcers: Results of an Expert Survey Within the ULCUS CRURIS CARE Project.International wound journal · 2026Article
- [Clinical expert consensus on application of topical growth factors in chronic wounds (2025 edition)].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2025Article
- Local and Systemic Endothelial Damage in Patients with CEAP C2 Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Role of Mesoglycan.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- S100A9 as a promising therapeutic target for diabetic foot ulcers.Chinese medical journal · 2025Article
- Evidence of Inflammatory Network Disruption in Chronic Venous Disease: An Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Chemokines.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Exosomal coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 derived from adipocytes accelerates diabetic wound healing by modulating inflammation and promoting angiogenesis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Pilot Implementation of a Primary Care Disease Management Concept for Venous Leg Ulceration: Results of a Mixed-Methods Process Evaluation.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Impaired microvascular function in patients with sickle cell anemia and leg ulcers improved with healing.British journal of haematology · 2024Article
- Glycocalyx disruption, endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling as underlying mechanisms and treatment targets of chronic venous disease.International angiology : a journal of the International Union of Angiology · 2024Review
- Extracellular matrix-inspired biomaterials for wound healing.Molecular biology reports · 2024Review
- Review
- Hydrogel dressings with intrinsic antibiofilm and antioxidative dual functionalities accelerate infected diabetic wound healing.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The role of SLC7A11 in diabetic wound healing: novel insights and new therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveElevated inflammatory cytokine levels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of non-healing chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) ulcers. The goal of this study was to determine the protein levels of a wide range of inflammatory cytokines in untreated CVI ulcer tissue before and after 4 weeks of high-strength compression therapy. These levels were compared to cytokines present in healthy tissue.
methodsThirty limbs with untreated CVI and leg ulceration received therapy for 4 weeks with sustained high-compression bandaging at an ambulatory wound center. Biopsies were obtained from healthy and ulcerated tissue before and after therapy. A multiplexed protein assay was used to measure multiple cytokines in a single sample. Patients were designated as rapid or delayed healers based on ulcer surface area change.
resultsThe majority of pro-inflammatory cytokine protein levels were elevated in ulcer tissue compared to healthy tissue, and compression therapy significantly reduced these cytokines. TGF-beta1 was upregulated in ulcer tissue following compression therapy. Rapid healing ulcers had significantly higher levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, IL-12p40, and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) before compression therapy, and IL-1 Ra after therapy. IFN-gamma levels significantly decreased following therapy in the rapidly healing patients.
conclusionCVI ulcer healing is associated with a pro-inflammatory environment prior to treatment that reflects metabolically active peri-wound tissue that has the potential to heal. Treatment with compression therapy results in healing that is coupled with reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and higher levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 Ra.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.