ReviewKidney international2009
Uroplakins in urothelial biology, function, and disease.
Review in Kidney international, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 360 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Power of a Tumor Differentiation Gene Signature for Bladder Urothelial Carcinomas.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Parallel evolutionary trajectories rewire enteropathogenicGut microbes · 2026Article
- Urinary tract infections in children.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Targeted lysosomal activation in bladder epithelium enhances clearance of intracellular uropathogenic Escherichia coli.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Essential role for the urothelial plaque in Gram-negative urinary tract infections.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Keratin 20 deficiency phenocopies human UAB and drives bladder fibrosis via a mechanotransduction-TGF-β axis.iScience · 2026Article
- Chondroitin sulfate degradation bolstersbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A microphysiological human mini-bladder reveals urine-urothelium interplay in tissue resilience and UPEC recurrence in urinary tract infections.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and implications of epithelial cell plasticity in the bladder.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Single-staged in vivo co-transplantation of autologous muscular and urothelial micrografts as a composite tissue tube for urogenital reconstruction.Pediatric surgery international · 2026Article
- Nanosecond pulsed electric fields induce cell-size-dependent selective permeabilization of urothelial cancer cells.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Smooth muscle of the lower urinary tract: BK-RyR coupling in physiology and pathophysiology.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2025Review
- Use of adipose-derived stem cells on decellularized bladder scaffolds for functional bladder mucosa regeneration.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Article
- KRT5Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Ureter development and associated congenital anomalies.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2025Review
- Isolation and characterization of epithelial cells and fibroblasts from the human penile urethra.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Insulin receptor signaling engages bladder urothelial defenses that limit urinary tract infection.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Loss of Upk1a and Upk1b expression is linked to stage progression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Sex-Dependent Differences in Blood-Urine Barrier Are Subtle but Significant in Healthy and Chronically Inflamed Mouse Bladders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Urothelium covers the inner surfaces of the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, and prostatic urethra. Although morphologically similar, the urothelia in these anatomic locations differ in their embryonic origin and lineages of cellular differentiation, as reflected in their different uroplakin content, expandability during micturition, and susceptibility to chemical carcinogens. Previously thought to be an inert tissue forming a passive barrier between the urine and blood, urothelia have recently been shown to have a secretory activity that actively modifies urine composition. Urothelial cells express a number of ion channels, receptors, and ligands, enabling them to receive and send signals and communicate with adjoining cells and their broader environment. The urothelial surface bears specific receptors that not only allow uropathogenic E. coli to attach to and invade the bladder mucosa, but also provide a route by which the bacteria ascend through the ureters to the kidney to cause pyelonephritis. Genetic ablation of one or more uroplakin genes in mice causes severe retrograde vesicoureteral reflux, hydronephrosis, and renal failure, conditions that mirror certain human congenital diseases. Clearly, abnormalities of the lower urinary tract can impact the upper tract, and vice versa, through the urothelial connection. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the field of urothelial biology by focusing on the uroplakins, a group of urothelium-specific and differentiation-dependent integral membrane proteins. We discuss these proteins' biochemistry, structure, assembly, intracellular trafficking, and their emerging roles in urothelial biology, function, and pathological processes. We also call attention to important areas where greater investigative efforts are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.