ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2009
Impact of the Spanish smoking law on exposure to secondhand smoke in offices and hospitality venues: before-and-after study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Legislative smoking bans for reducing harms from secondhand smoke exposure, smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in preventable lung cancer mortality in three major Spanish cities of the Valencian Community, 2000-2015.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Economics of Tobacco Regulation: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of economic literature · 2022Article
- Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) among Employees of Hospitality Venues in the Light of Changes in Anti-Tobacco Legislation in Poland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Observational
- Prevalence and correlates of different smoking bans in homes and cars among smokers in six countries of the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys.Tobacco induced diseases · 2018Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with smoking among adults in Malaysia: Findings from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2015.Tobacco induced diseases · 2018Article
- Impact of Partial and Comprehensive Smoke-Free Regulations on Indoor Air Quality in Bars.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Article
- Compliance with smoke-free policies in korean bars and restaurants in california: a descriptive analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2015Article
- Patterns of adherence to and compliance with the Portuguese smoke-free law in the leisure-hospitality sector.PloS one · 2014Observational
- Article
- Environmental monitoring of secondhand smoke exposure.Tobacco control · 2013Review
- Article
- Exposure to secondhand smoke in terraces and other outdoor areas of hospitality venues in eight European countries.PloS one · 2012Article
- The so-called "Spanish model" - tobacco industry strategies and its impact in Europe and Latin America.BMC public health · 2011Article
- The extension of smoke-free areas and acute myocardial infarction mortality: before and after study.BMJ open · 2011Article
- The Spanish smoking law: a model to be followed?International journal of public health · 2010Article
- Patterns of smoking and its association with psychosocial work conditions among blue-collar and service employees of hospitality venues in Shenyang, PR China.BMC public health · 2010Article
- Beliefs regarding smoking in the workplace: results from the Global Workplace Smoking Survey.International journal of public health · 2009Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesA smoking law was passed by the Spanish Parliament in December 2005 and was enforced by 1 January 2006. The law bans smoking in all indoor workplaces but only in some hospitality venues, because owners are allowed to establish a smoking zone (venues>100 m2) or to allow smoking without restrictions (venues<100 m2). The objective of the study is to assess the impact of the Spanish smoking law on exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in enclosed workplaces, including hospitality venues. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe study design is a before-and-after evaluation. We studied workplaces and hospitality venues from eight different regions of Spain. We took repeated samples of vapor-phase nicotine concentration in 398 premises, including private offices (162), public administration offices (90), university premises (43), bars and restaurants (79), and discotheques and pubs (24).
resultsIn the follow-up period, SHS levels were markedly reduced in indoor offices. The median decrease in nicotine concentration ranged from 60.0% in public premises to 97.4% in private areas. Nicotine concentrations were also markedly reduced in bars and restaurants that became smoke-free (96.7%) and in the no-smoking zones of venues with separate spaces for smokers (88.9%). We found no significant changes in smoking zones or in premises allowing smoking, including discotheques and pubs.
conclusionsOverall, this study shows the positive impact of the law on reducing SHS in indoor workplaces. However, SHS was substantially reduced only in bars and restaurants that became smoke-free. Most hospitality workers continue to be exposed to very high levels of SHS. Therefore, a 100% smoke-free policy for all hospitality venues is required.
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