ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Inhibition of neutrophil function by two tick salivary proteins.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mostly getting along -Borrelia burgdorferi and its manipulation of the host immune system.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato Employs Several Escape Mechanisms to Bypass the Human Defense System.European journal of immunology · 2026Review
- Tick saliva reprograms macrophages into immunosuppressive hubs that regulate T-cell immunity in Rhipicephalus microplus infestation.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Powassan virus.Virulence · 2025Review
- Adiponectin in the mammalian host influences ticks' acquisition of the Lyme disease pathogen Borrelia.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- A Deeper Insight into the Tick Salivary Protein Families under the Light of Alphafold2 and Dali: Introducing the TickSialoFam 2.0 Database.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Impact of RNA Interference in Tick Research.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Alboserpin, the Main Salivary Anticoagulant from the Disease VectorImmunoHorizons · 2022Article
- Host Immune Responses to Salivary Components - A Critical Facet of Tick-Host Interactions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Arboviruses: How Saliva Impacts the Journey from Vector to Host.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Mechanisms ofBrain sciences · 2021Review
- Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and its hosts across the enzootic cycle.Parasite immunology · 2021Review
- The genus Anaplasma: drawing back the curtain on tick-pathogen interactions.Pathogens and disease · 2021Review
- Early Post-Prandial Regulation of Protein Expression in the Midgut of Chagas Disease VectorMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Host transcriptome response to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2021Review
- Tick saliva-induced programmed death-1 and PD-ligand 1 and its related host immunosuppression.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Immune Response toCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and ticks.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2020Review
- A joint effort: The interplay between the innate and the adaptive immune system in Lyme arthritis.Immunological reviews · 2020Review
- Amblyomma americanum ticks utilizes countervailing pro and anti-inflammatory proteins to evade host defense.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The saliva of hematophagous arthropods contains potent anti-inflammatory and antihemostatic activities that promote acquisition of the blood meal and enhance infection with pathogens. We have shown that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) treated with the saliva of the tick Ixodes scapularis have reduced expression of beta(2) integrins, impaired PMN adherence, and reduced killing of Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Here we describe two Ixodes proteins that are induced upon tick feeding and expressed predominantly in the salivary glands. Using saliva harvested from ticks with reduced levels of ISL 929 and ISL 1373 through targeted RNA interference knockdown, as well as purified recombinant proteins, we show the effects of these proteins on downregulation of PMN integrins and inhibition of the production of O(2)(-) by PMN in vitro. Mice immunized with ISL 929/1373 had increased numbers of PMN at the site of tick attachment and a lower spirochete burden in the skin and joints 21 days after infection compared to control-immunized animals. Our results suggest that ISL 929 and ISL 1373 contribute to the inhibition of PMN functions shown previously with tick saliva and support important roles for these inhibitory proteins in the modulation of PMN function in vivo.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.