ArticleBone2009
Bone mass and geometry of the tibia and the radius of master sprinters, middle and long distance runners, race-walkers and sedentary control participants: a pQCT study.
Article in Bone, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bone Quality in Competitive Athletes: A Systematic Review.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2023Pooled it
- Targeted exercise against osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis for optimising bone strength throughout life.BMC medicine · 2010Pooled it
- Severely restricting energy intake for 24 h does not affect markers of bone metabolism at rest or in response to re-feeding.European journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- Effects of a 20-week high-intensity strength and sprint training program on tibial bone structure and strength in middle-aged and older male sprint athletes: a randomized controlled trial.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2017Trial
- Motor Competence in Early Childhood Is Positively Associated With Bone Strength in Late Adolescence.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016Trial
- Effects of soccer vs swim training on bone formation in sedentary middle-aged women.European journal of applied physiology · 2015Trial
- Accelerometer-measured weekly and diurnal moderate-to-vigorous physical activity patterns and incident osteoporosis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Are associations between physical activity and bone mineral density in adults sex- and age-dependent? An analysis of the UK Biobank study.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Male Runners With Lower Energy Availability Have Impaired Skeletal Integrity Compared to Nonathletes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Article
- Relationship between Football-Specific Training Characteristics and Tibial Bone Adaptation in Male Academy Football Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Associations between long-term exercise participation and lower limb joint and whole-bone geometry in young and older adults.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- How does bone microanatomy and musculature covary? An investigation in the forelimb of two species of martens (Martes foina, Martes martes).Journal of anatomy · 2022Article
- The effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation-assisted posture-shifting in bone mineral density: case series-pilot study.Spinal cord series and cases · 2022Article
- Correlation of muscle and bone parameters, daily function and participation in women with generalized joint hypermobility: a descriptive evaluation.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2022Article
- Age-Related Declines in Lower Limb Muscle Function are Similar in Power and Endurance Athletes of Both Sexes: A Longitudinal Study of Master Athletes.Calcified tissue international · 2022Article
- Effects of and Response to Mechanical Loading on the Knee.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Review
- Review
- Site-Specific Fracture Healing: Comparison between Diaphysis and Metaphysis in the Mouse Long Bone.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Regular Strength and Sprint Training Counteracts Bone Aging: A 10-Year Follow-Up in Male Masters Athletes.JBMR plus · 2021Article
- Endurance running prevents the age-related decline of calcaneal bone stiffness.Archives of osteoporosis · 2021Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mechanical loading is thought to be a determinant of bone mass and geometry. Both ground reaction forces and tibial strains increase with running speed. This study investigates the hypothesis that surrogates of bone strength in male and female master sprinters, middle and long distance runners and race-walkers vary according to discipline-specific mechanical loading from sedentary controls. Bone scans were obtained by peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) from the tibia and from the radius in 106 sprinters, 52 middle distance runners, 93 long distance runners and 49 race-walkers who were competing at master championships, and who were aged between 35 and 94 years. Seventy-five age-matched, sedentary people served as control group. Most athletes of this study had started to practice their athletic discipline after the age of 20, but the current training regime had typically been maintained for more than a decade. As hypothesised, tibia diaphyseal bone mineral content (vBMC), cortical area and polar moment of resistance were largest in sprinters, followed in descending order by middle and long distance runners, race-walkers and controls. When compared to control people, the differences in these measures were always >13% in male and >23% in female sprinters (p<0.001). Similarly, the periosteal circumference in the tibia shaft was larger in male and female sprinters by 4% and 8%, respectively, compared to controls (p<0.001). Epiphyseal group differences were predominantly found for trabecular vBMC in both male and female sprinters, who had 15% and 18% larger values, respectively, than controls (p<0.001). In contrast, a reverse pattern was found for cortical vBMD in the tibia, and only few group differences of lower magnitude were found between athletes and control people for the radius. In conclusion, tibial bone strength indicators seemed to be related to exercise-specific peak forces, whilst cortical density was inversely related to running distance. These results may be explained in two, non-exclusive ways. Firstly, greater skeletal size may allow larger muscle forces and power to be exerted, and thus bias towards engagement in athletics. Secondly, musculoskeletal forces related to running can induce skeletal adaptation and thus enhance bone strength.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.