ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2009
Combination therapies for traumatic brain injury: prospective considerations.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 296 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as a Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Pre-Clinical Testing of Therapies for Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2018Guideline
- Efficacy of Progesterone for Acute Traumatic Brain Injury: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Molecular neurobiology · 2016Pooled it
- Evidence-based review of oral traditional Chinese medicine compound recipe administration for treating weight drop-induced experimental traumatic brain injury.BMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Threats to validity in the design and conduct of preclinical efficacy studies: a systematic review of guidelines for in vivo animal experiments.PLoS medicine · 2013Pooled it
- Citicoline in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in neonates: a randomized controlled trial.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2023Trial
- Safety and efficacy of Cerebrolysin in acute brain injury and neurorecovery: CAPTAIN I-a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, Asian-Pacific trial.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Trial
- Bridging the gap: Acute amantadine augments the neurorehabilitative efficacy of delayed and abbreviated environmental enrichment in a pediatric traumatic brain injury model.Brain research · 2026Article
- The emerging role of brain-derived microparticles in trauma-induced coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Unlocking therapeutic potential in traumatic brain injury: exploring microenvironmental targets, signaling pathways and translational hurdles.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- A Combination of Low Doses of Lithium and Valproate Improves Cognitive Outcomes after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2025Article
- The Role of Nanotechnology in Understanding the Pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Combined citicoline and Cerebrolysin for neuroprotection in traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- A novel multimodal pharmacologic approach using guanfacine, N-acetylcysteine, and donepezil in severe TBI: a case series.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- FSGT capsule inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammation in chondrocytes and ameliorates osteoarthritis by upregulating LncRNA PACER and downregulating COX2/PGE2.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Clinical Management in Traumatic Brain Injury.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- A bridge to recovery: Acute amantadine prior to environmental enrichment after brain trauma augments cognitive benefit.Experimental neurology · 2024Article
- Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Therapeutics for Traumatic Brain Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Backpack-mediated anti-inflammatory macrophage cell therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) initiates a cascade of numerous pathophysiological events that evolve over time.Despite the complexity of TBI, research aimed at therapy development has almost exclusively focused on single therapies, all of which have failed in multicenter clinical trials. Therefore, in February 2008 the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, with support from the National Institute of Child Health and Development, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, convened a workshop to discuss the opportunities and challenges of testing combination therapies for TBI. Workshop participants included clinicians and scientists from a variety of disciplines, institutions, and agencies. The objectives of the workshop were to: (1) identify the most promising combinations of therapies for TBI; (2) identify challenges of testing combination therapies in clinical and pre-clinical studies; and (3) propose research methodologies and study designs to overcome these challenges. Several promising combination therapies were discussed, but no one combination was identified as being the most promising. Rather, the general recommendation was to combine agents with complementary targets and effects (e.g., mechanisms and time-points), rather than focusing on a single target with multiple agents. In addition, it was recommended that clinical management guidelines be carefully considered when designing pre-clinical studies for therapeutic development.To overcome the challenges of testing combination therapies it was recommended that statisticians and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration be included in early discussions of experimental design. Furthermore, it was agreed that an efficient and validated screening platform for candidate therapeutics, sensitive and clinically relevant biomarkers and outcome measures, and standardization and data sharing across centers would greatly facilitate the development of successful combination therapies for TBI. Overall there was great enthusiasm for working collaboratively to act on these recommendations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.