ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2009
Population pharmacokinetics of ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in HIV-infected patients and healthy volunteers.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Population Pharmacokinetics Modeling of Unbound Efavirenz, Atazanavir, and Ritonavir in HIV-Infected Subjects With Aging Biomarkers.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2017Trial
- Sex differences in atazanavir pharmacokinetics and associations with time to clinical events: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5202.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2014Trial
- Effect of adherence as measured by MEMS, ritonavir boosting, and CYP3A5 genotype on atazanavir pharmacokinetics in treatment-naive HIV-infected patients.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2012Trial
- Bilirubin-a potential marker of drug exposure in atazanavir-based antiretroviral therapy.The AAPS journal · 2011Trial
- HIV/AIDS patients display lower relative bioavailability of efavirenz than healthy subjects.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2011Trial
- Population pharmacokinetic modeling of the association between 63396C->T pregnane X receptor polymorphism and unboosted atazanavir clearance.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2010Trial
- Development and validation of a stability-indicating RP-HPLC method for estimation of atazanavir sulfate in bulk.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2017Article
- Population pharmacokinetic modelling of the changes in atazanavir plasma clearance caused by ritonavir plasma concentrations in HIV-1 infected patients.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2016Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Etravirine Combined with Atazanavir/Ritonavir and a Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor in Antiretroviral Treatment-Experienced, HIV-1-Infected Patients.AIDS research and treatment · 2015Article
- Simultaneous population pharmacokinetic modelling of atazanavir and ritonavir in HIV-infected adults and assessment of different dose reduction strategies.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Article
- Population pharmacokinetics of atazanavir/ritonavir in HIV-1-infected children and adolescents.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2011Article
- Atazanavir/ritonavir-based combination antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults.Future virology · 2011Article
- Influence of body weight on achieving indinavir concentrations within its therapeutic window in HIV-infected Thai patients receiving indinavir boosted with ritonavir.Therapeutic drug monitoring · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a population pharmacokinetic model to: (i) describe ritonavir-boosted atazanavir concentrations (300/100 mg once daily) and identify important covariates; and (ii) evaluate the predictive performance of the model for lower, unlicensed atazanavir doses (150 and 200 mg once daily) boosted with ritonavir (100 mg once daily).
methodsNon-linear mixed effects modelling was applied to determine atazanavir pharmacokinetic parameters, inter-individual variability (IIV) and residual error. Covariates potentially related to atazanavir pharmacokinetics were explored. The final model was assessed by means of a visual predictive check for 300/100, 200/100 and 150/100 mg once daily.
resultsForty-six individuals were included (30 HIV-infected). A one-compartment model with first-order absorption and lag-time best described the data. Final estimates of apparent oral clearance (CL/F), volume of distribution (V/F) and absorption rate constant [relative standard error (%) and IIV (%)] were 7.7 L/h (5, 29), 103 L (13, 48) and 3.4 h(-1) (34, 154); a lag-time of 0.96 h (1) was determined. Ritonavir area under the curve (AUC(0-24)) was the only significant covariate. Overall, 94%-97% of observed concentrations were within the 95% prediction intervals for all three regimens.
conclusionsA population pharmacokinetic model for ritonavir-boosted atazanavir has been developed and validated. Ritonavir AUC(0-24) was significantly associated with atazanavir CL/F. The model was used to investigate other, particularly lower, ritonavir-boosted atazanavir dosing strategies.
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Registered trials
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