ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2009
The promise and potential pitfalls of chimeric antigen receptors.
Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 281 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
281 citing papers in PubMed, 457 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-dimensional orchestration of binders for improved CAR-T immunotherapy.Cancer letters · 2026Review
- Enhancement of Ferroptosis in Escape Variant Tumor Cells by IFNγ Derived from Antigen-Specific T Cells Controls Tumor with Heterogeneity.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- Cellular therapies in systemic lupus erythematosus: recent progress and future directions.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Review
- Process Systems Engineering in Precision Medicine: Opportunities in Autologous CAR-T Therapy.Engineering in life sciences · 2026Review
- Advanced strategies to enhance the safety, persistence, and efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering CAR-T cells for solid tumors: bispecific antigen targeting, tumor microenvironment modulation, and toxicity control.Immunologic research · 2025Review
- CD4/CD8-p56Biomolecules · 2025Review
- CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic and solid malignancies: mechanisms, clinical applications, and future directions.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Review
- Exploring CD19-targeted Immunotherapy Strategies for Human B-cell Lymphoma.Archives of Razi Institute · 2025Review
- A chimeric antigen receptor tailored to integrate complementary activation signals potentiates the antitumor activity of NK cells.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Article
- Promising new drugs and therapeutic approaches for treatment of ovarian cancer-targeting the hallmarks of cancer.BMC medicine · 2025Review
- Advances in adoptive cell therapies in small cell lung cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
- Senescent immune cells in the tumor microenvironment: emerging insights into cancer immunotherapy resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory role of vitamin D and emerging immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Characterizing the Real-World Risks of Kidney Injuries Associated with Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapies-Evidence and Safety.Health data science · 2025Article
- Comparison of seven CD19 CAR designs in engineering NK cells for enhancing anti-tumour activity.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
- The efficacy and applicability of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell-based regimens for primary bone tumors: A comprehensive review of current evidence.Journal of bone oncology · 2024Review
- Adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in ophthalmology: a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
221 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
One important purpose of T cell engineering is to generate tumor-targeted T cells through the genetic transfer of antigen-specific receptors, which consist of either physiological, MHC-restricted T cell receptors (TCRs) or non MHC-restricted chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). CARs combine antigen-specificity and T cell activating properties in a single fusion molecule. First generation CARs, which included as their signaling domain the cytoplasmic region of the CD3zeta or Fc receptor gamma chain, effectively redirected T cell cytotoxicity but failed to enable T cell proliferation and survival upon repeated antigen exposure. Receptors encompassing both CD28 and CD3zeta are the prototypes for second generation CARs, which are now rapidly expanding to a diverse array of receptors with different functional properties. First generation CARs have been tested in phase I clinical studies in patients with ovarian cancer, renal cancer, lymphoma, and neuroblastoma, where they have induced modest responses. Second generation CARs, which are just now entering the clinical arena in the B cell malignancies and other cancers, will provide a more significant test for this approach. If the immunogenicity of CARs can be averted, the versatility of their design and HLA-independent antigen recognition will make CARs tools of choice for T cell engineering for the development of targeted cancer immunotherapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.