ReviewGastroenterology clinics of North America2009
Environmental causes of esophageal cancer.
Review in Gastroenterology clinics of North America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 190 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
190 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 408 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors as first-line treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study of esophageal squamous cell cancer identifies shared and distinct risk variants in African and Chinese populations.American journal of human genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Association between body mass index and oesophageal cancer mortality: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies with >800 000 individuals in the Asia Cohort Consortium.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Pooled it
- The potential for reducing alcohol consumption to prevent esophageal cancer morbidity in Asian heavy drinkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Esophagus : official journal of the Japan Esophageal Society · 2022Pooled it
- Biomass fuel as a risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2019Pooled it
- Esophageal cancer male to female incidence ratios in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic, time and age trends.Cancer epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Functional polymorphisms in the IL-10 gene with susceptibility to esophageal, nasopharyngeal, and oral cancers.Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2016Pooled it
- Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease shares genetic background with esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus.Human molecular genetics · 2016Pooled it
- The association between human papillomavirus 16 and esophageal cancer in Chinese population: a meta-analysis.BMC cancer · 2015Pooled it
- A pooled analysis of the ERCC2 Asp312Asn polymorphism and esophageal cancer susceptibility.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Consumption of red and processed meat and esophageal cancer risk: meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2013Pooled it
- TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism is associated with esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2011Pooled it
- Pickled vegetables and the risk of oesophageal cancer: a meta-analysis.British journal of cancer · 2009Pooled it
- Trial
- A prospective study of vitamin and mineral supplement use and the risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers.PloS one · 2014Trial
- Polymorphisms in the ERCC1 and XPF genes and risk of breast cancer in a Chinese population.Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers · 2013Trial
- Outcomes from a prospective trial of endoscopic radiofrequency ablation of early squamous cell neoplasia of the esophagus.Gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2011Trial
- Upregulated lncRNA AK058003 in Tumor-Educated Platelets and Plasma as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Esophageal Cancer.Cancer management and research · 2026Article
- Oral health and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter case-control study in Iran.Scientific reports · 2025Article
130 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article reviews the environmental risk factors and predisposing conditions for the two main histologic types of esophageal cancer. Tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drinking maté, low intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, achalasia, and low socioeconomic status increase the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Results of investigations on other potential risk factors, including opium consumption, intake of hot drinks, eating pickled vegetables, poor oral health, and exposure to human papillomavirus, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, N-nitroso compounds, acetaldehyde, and fumonisins are discussed. Gastroesophageal reflux, obesity, tobacco smoking, hiatal hernia, achalasia, and, probably, absence of H pylori in the stomach increase the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Results of studies investigating other factors are also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.