ArticlePharmaceutical research2009
Immune modulation by adjuvants combined with diphtheria toxoid administered topically in BALB/c mice after microneedle array pretreatment.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmaceutical and Immunological Evaluation of Cholera Toxin A1 Subunit as an Adjuvant of Hepatitis B Vaccine Microneedles.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Article
- Non-Invasive Vaccines: Challenges in Formulation and Vaccine Adjuvants.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- A Single-Administration Microneedle Skin Patch for Multi-Burst Release of Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.Advanced materials technologies · 2022Article
- Microneedle patch as a new platform to effectively deliver inactivated polio vaccine and inactivated rotavirus vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Progress in microneedle array patch (MAP) for vaccine delivery.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Article
- Article
- Coated and Hollow Microneedle-Mediated Intradermal Immunization in Mice with Diphtheria Toxoid Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Article
- The success of microneedle-mediated vaccine delivery into skin.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- Microneedle patches for vaccination in developing countries.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2016Review
- Microfabrication for Drug Delivery.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Nucleic acid delivery into skin for the treatment of skin disease: Proofs-of-concept, potential impact, and remaining challenges.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- Inactivated polio vaccination using a microneedle patch is immunogenic in the rhesus macaque.Vaccine · 2015Article
- Impact-insertion applicator improves reliability of skin penetration by solid microneedle arrays.The AAPS journal · 2014Article
- Microneedle patches for vaccine delivery.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2014Review
- Microneedles for drug and vaccine delivery.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2012Review
- Microneedle-mediated vaccine delivery: harnessing cutaneous immunobiology to improve efficacy.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2012Review
- Delivery systems for intradermal vaccination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2012Review
- Transcutaneous immunization studies in mice using diphtheria toxoid-loaded vesicle formulations and a microneedle array.Pharmaceutical research · 2011Article
- Dose sparing enabled by skin immunization with influenza virus-like particle vaccine using microneedles.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2010Article
- Microneedle-based transcutaneous immunisation in mice with N-trimethyl chitosan adjuvanted diphtheria toxoid formulations.Pharmaceutical research · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn this study, modulation of the immune response against diphtheria toxoid (DT) by various adjuvants in transcutaneous immunization (TCI) with microneedle array pretreatment was investigated.
methodsTCI was performed on BALB/c mice with or without microneedle array pretreatment using DT as a model antigen co-administrated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Quil A, CpG oligo deoxynucleotide (CpG) or cholera toxin (CT) as adjuvant. The immunogenicity was evaluated by measuring serum IgG subtype titers and neutralizing antibody titers.
resultsTCI with microneedle array pretreatment resulted in a 1,000-fold increase of DT-specific serum IgG levels as compared to TCI. The immune response was further improved by co-administration of adjuvants, showing a progressive increase in serum IgG titers when adjuvanted with LPS, Quil A, CpG and CT. IgG titers of the CT-adjuvanted group reached levels comparable to those obtained after DT-alum subcutaneous injection. The IgG1/IgG2a ratio of DT-specific antibodies decreased in the following sequence: plain DT, Quil A, CT and CpG, suggesting that the immune response was skewed towards the Th1 direction.
conclusionsThe potency and the quality of the immune response against DT administered by microneedle array mediated TCI can be modulated by co-administration of adjuvants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.