ArticleJournal of virology2009
Dimerization and a novel Tax speckled structure localization signal are required for Tax nuclear localization.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feedback Loop Regulation between Pim Kinases and Tax Keeps Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Viral Replication in Check.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- A SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase is involved in the degradation of the nuclear pool of the SUMO E3 ligase Siz1.Molecular biology of the cell · 2014Article
- The MHC-II transactivator CIITA, a restriction factor against oncogenic HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 retroviruses: similarities and differences in the inhibition of Tax-1 and Tax-2 viral transactivators.Frontiers in microbiology · 2013Article
- Low nuclear body formation and tax SUMOylation do not prevent NF-kappaB promoter activation.Retrovirology · 2012Article
- Article
- Molecular hallmarks of adult T cell leukemia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2012Article
- HTLV tax: a fascinating multifunctional co-regulator of viral and cellular pathways.Frontiers in microbiology · 2012Article
- Review
- Move or die: the fate of the Tax oncoprotein of HTLV-1.Viruses · 2011Review
- Article
- The viral oncoprotein tax sequesters DNA damage response factors by tethering MDC1 to chromatin.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2010Article
- Increased production of viral proteins by a 3'-LTR-deleted infectious clone of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1.Virology journal · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 oncoprotein Tax has pleiotropic activities, a subset of which likely leads to immortalization of T cells. Tax is expressed and known to function in both the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. Tax has defined nuclear localization (NLS) and nuclear export signals that enable shuttling between the two compartments. In this study, we identified a novel region in Tax that targets the protein to discrete nuclear foci that we have previously termed Tax speckled structures (TSS). We demonstrated that the identified region is both necessary and sufficient for directing proteins to TSS. This novel TSS localization signal (TSLS), spanning amino acids 50 to 75, is separable from and adjacent to the NLS of Tax. Coexpression of a Tax NLS mutant and a Tax TSLS mutant rescued the nuclear entry and subnuclear TSS targeting of both proteins, demonstrating that these signals are independent domains. Our analysis also revealed that Tax proteins deficient for dimerization fail to localize to the nucleus. Consequently, when we restored dimerization via induction of a heterologous "dimerizer" domain, nuclear localization was rescued. Thus, we defined additional domains in Tax specific for nuclear localization and subnuclear targeting. Our results reveal a more complex network for regulation of Tax subcellular localization and subsequent function.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.