ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2009
Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: a community clinic-based case-control study.
Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lifestyle interventions can reduce the risk of Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 62 studies involving 250,157 participants.Cancer medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk of Barrett esophagus: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma Shared Susceptibility Locus in C20orf54: Evidence from Published Studies.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- Central adiposity is associated with increased risk of esophageal inflammation, metaplasia, and adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2013Pooled it
- The risk of Barrett's esophagus associated with abdominal obesity in males and females.International journal of cancer · 2013Trial
- Risk factors for barrett's esophagus identified in a large-scale Japanese community cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Endoscopic Screening of Barrett's Esophagus.Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America · 2026Review
- The Evolving Paradigm of Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma: Current Insights, Emerging Therapies, and Future Directions.Journal of cancer science and clinical therapeutics · 2025Article
- Exploring the incidence of dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in early onset Barrett's esophagus.Endoscopy · 2024Article
- Multifaceted association of overweight and metabolically unhealthy with the risk of Barrett's esophagus in the UK Biobank cohort.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Long-term risk factors for developing Barrett's oesophagus in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: a longitudinal cohort study.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Advances in Screening for Barrett Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2024Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Barrett's Esophagus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Causal association between dietary factors and esophageal diseases: A Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Endoscopic Screening Program for Control of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in Varied Populations: A Comparative Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.Gastroenterology · 2022Article
- Genetic estimation of correlations and causalities between multifaceted modifiable factors and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Current Status of Mucosal Imaging with Narrow-Band Imaging in the Esophagus.Gut and liver · 2021Review
- A multicenter prospective audit to investigate the current management of patients undergoing anti-reflux surgery in the UK: Audit & Review of Anti-Reflux Operations & Workup.Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus · 2021Article
- Endoscopic Screening for Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Rationale, Candidates, and Challenges.Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesOur aim was to measure the relative risks of Barrett's esophagus (BE) associated with demographic factors, measures of adiposity, and smoking among patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
methodsPatients newly diagnosed with specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) (n=197) were compared with patients with GERD (n=418) in a community clinic-based case-control study. Case subgroups included those with any visible columnar epithelium (VBE) (n=97), and those with a long segment (>or=2 cm) of columnar epithelium (LSBE) (n=54).
resultsRisks increased with older age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) per decade for SIM=1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.1-1.5; VBE aOR=1.4, CI=1.1-1.6; LSBE aOR=1.5, CI=1.2-1.9), male gender (SIM aOR=1.5, CI=1.1-2.2; VBE aOR=2.7, CI=1.6-4.5; LSBE aOR=3.9, CI=1.9-8.1), and possibly Asian race. Increased risk of BE was observed with high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, male high: >or=0.9, female high: >or=0.8) (SIM aOR=1.3, CI=0.9-2.1; VBE aOR=1.9, CI=1.0-3.5; LSBE aOR=4.1, CI=1.5-11.4). These associations were independent of body mass index (BMI) for the VBE and LSBE case groups but not for SIM, which was the only case group in which BMI was a significant risk factor. Ever having smoked cigarettes increased risk similarly for all case groups (SIM aOR=1.8, CI=1.2-2.6; VBE aOR=1.6, CI=1.0-2.6; LSBE aOR=2.6, CI=1.3-4.9), although a dose-response relationship was not detected for duration or intensity of smoking.
conclusionsOlder age, male gender, and history of smoking increased risk of SIM and BE among GERD patients independent of other risk factors for BE. Central adiposity was most strongly related to risk of VBE and LSBE. These results may be useful in the development of risk profiles for screening GERD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.