Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19308469›Full record

ArticleNeurogenetics2009

Lrrk2 R1441G-related Parkinson's disease: evidence of a common founding event in the seventh century in Northern Spain.

Ignacio F Mata, Carolyn M Hutter, María C González-Fernández, Marian M de Pancorbo, Elena Lezcano, Cecilia Huerta, Marta Blazquez, Renee Ribacoba, Luis M Guisasola, Carlos Salvador and 8 more

Abstract readHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Article in Neurogenetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Genetic mutations in kinases: a comprehensive review on marketed inhibitors and unexplored targets in Parkinson's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Variable frequency ofNPJ Parkinson's disease · 2017
    Article
  10. Article
  11. The discovery of LRRK2 p.R1441S, a novel mutation for Parkinson's disease, adds to the complexity of a mutational hotspot.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2016
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Ignacio F MataGeriatric Research Education and Clinical Center S-182, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
Carolyn M Hutter
María C González-Fernández
Marian M de Pancorbo
Elena Lezcano
Cecilia Huerta
Marta Blazquez
Renee Ribacoba
Luis M Guisasola
Carlos Salvador
Juan C Gómez-Esteban
Juan J Zarranz
Jon Infante
Joseph Jankovic
Hao Deng
Karen L Edwards
Victoria Alvarez
Cyrus P Zabetian

Funding

Identification of Issues and Expectations of Subjects Participating in Genetic StR01CA149051 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWARDS, KAREN L · 2011 to 2013
$1.2M
DBH as a Modifying Gene in Neurodegenerative DiseasesK08NS044138 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ZABETIAN, CYRUS P · 2002 to 2006
$831k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA149051NINDS NIH HHS K08 NS044138
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene together represent the most common genetic determinant of Parkinson's disease (PD) identified to date. The vast majority of patients with LRRK2-related PD reported in the literature carry one of three pathogenic substitutions: G2019S, R1441C, or R1441G. While G2019S and R1441C are geographically widespread, R1441G is most prevalent in the Basque Country and is rare outside of Northern Spain. We sought to better understand the processes that have shaped the current distribution of R1441G. We performed a haplotype analysis of 29 unrelated PD patients heterozygous for R1441G and 85 wild-type controls using 20 markers that spanned 15.1 Mb across the LRRK2 region. Nine of the patients were of Basque origin and 20 were non-Basques. We inferred haplotypes using a Bayesian approach and utilized a maximum-likelihood method to estimate the age of the most recent common ancestor. Significant but incomplete allele sharing was observed over a distance of 6.0 Mb and a single, rare ten-marker haplotype 5.8 Mb in length was seen in all mutation carriers. We estimate that the most recent common ancestor lived 1,350 (95% CI, 1,020-1,740) years ago in approximately the seventh century. We hypothesize that R1441G originated in the Basque population and that dispersion of the mutation then occurred through short-range gene flow that was largely limited to nearby regions in Spain.

Indexed as

Founder EffectGenetic MarkersPoint MutationAdultAgedAge of OnsetAmino Acid SubstitutionFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHaplotypesHistory, MedievalHumansLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2MaleMiddle AgedParkinson DiseaseGenetic MarkersLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2LRRK2 protein, humanProtein Serine-Threonine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID19308469
PMCPMC2821036

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.