Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19305407›Full record

ArticleNature methods2009

Global mapping of protein-DNA interactions in vivo by digital genomic footprinting.

Jay R Hesselberth, Xiaoyu Chen, Zhihong Zhang, Peter J Sabo, Richard Sandstrom, Alex P Reynolds, Robert E Thurman, Shane Neph, Michael S Kuehn, William S Noble and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature methods, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 380 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
380citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

380 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. NovelbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  7. Review
  8. Article
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  13. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Efficient, scalable, and near-nucleotide-resolution profiling of protein occupancy in the genome with deaminases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Genome-wide single-cell and single-molecule footprinting of transcription factors with deaminase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

320 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jay R HesselberthDepartment of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Xiaoyu Chen
Zhihong Zhang
Peter J Sabo
Richard Sandstrom
Alex P Reynolds
Robert E Thurman
Shane Neph
Michael S Kuehn
William S Noble
Stanley Fields
John A Stamatoyannopoulos

Funding

ZDS2P REGULATES SWE1P-DEPENDENT POLARIZED CELL GROWTH IN S CEREVISIAEP41RR011823 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DAVIS, TRACY · 1996 to 2011
$24.7M
A Comprehensive catalog of human DNasel hypersensitive sitesU54HG004592 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STAMATOYANNOPOULOS, JOHN A · 2007 to 2011
$15.0M
Computational discovery of cis-regulatory sequencesR01GM071923 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STAMATOYANNOPOULOS, JOHN A · 2004 to 2007
$2.2M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCRR NIH HHS P41 RR011823NCRR NIH HHS P41RR11823NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG004592NHGRI NIH HHS U54HG004592NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM071923NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM071923
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The orchestrated binding of transcriptional activators and repressors to specific DNA sequences in the context of chromatin defines the regulatory program of eukaryotic genomes. We developed a digital approach to assay regulatory protein occupancy on genomic DNA in vivo by dense mapping of individual DNase I cleavages from intact nuclei using massively parallel DNA sequencing. Analysis of >23 million cleavages across the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome revealed thousands of protected regulatory protein footprints, enabling de novo derivation of factor binding motifs and the identification of hundreds of new binding sites for major regulators. We observed striking correspondence between single-nucleotide resolution DNase I cleavage patterns and protein-DNA interactions determined by crystallography. The data also yielded a detailed view of larger chromatin features including positioned nucleosomes flanking factor binding regions. Digital genomic footprinting should be a powerful approach to delineate the cis-regulatory framework of any organism with an available genome sequence.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceBinding SitesDNADNA FootprintingMolecular Sequence DataProtein BindingProtein Interaction MappingSequence Analysis, DNATranscription FactorsDNATranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID19305407
PMCPMC2668528

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.