ArticleHeart rhythm2009
Early termination of spiral wave reentry by combined blockade of Na+ and L-type Ca2+ currents in a perfused two-dimensional epicardial layer of rabbit ventricular myocardium.
Article in Heart rhythm, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automaticity of the Pulmonary Vein Myocardium and the Effect of Class I Antiarrhythmic Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Calmodulin/CaMKII inhibition improves intercellular communication and impulse propagation in the heart and is antiarrhythmic under conditions when fibrosis is absent.Cardiovascular research · 2017Article
- Calmodulin/CaMKII inhibition improves intercellular communication and impulse propagation in the heart and is antiarrhythmic under conditions when fibrosis is absent.Cardiovascular research · 2016Article
- The role of gap junctions in stretch-induced atrial fibrillation.Cardiovascular research · 2014Article
- Nonlinear and Stochastic Dynamics in the Heart.Physics reports · 2014Article
- Rotors and the dynamics of cardiac fibrillation.Circulation research · 2013Review
- Regional cooling facilitates termination of spiral-wave reentry through unpinning of rotors in rabbit hearts.Heart rhythm · 2012Article
- Acute amiodarone promotes drift and early termination of spiral wave re-entry.Heart and vessels · 2010Article
- Mapping ventricular fibrillation: a simplified experimental model leads to a complicated result.Heart rhythm · 2009Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundModification of spiral wave (SW) reentry by antiarrhythmic drugs is a central issue to be challenged for better understanding of their benefits and risks.
objectiveWe investigated the effects of pilsicainide and/or verapamil, which block sodium and L-type calcium currents (I(Na) and I(Ca,L)), respectively, on SW reentry.
methodsA two-dimensional epicardial ventricular muscle layer was created in rabbit hearts by cryoablation (n = 32), and action potential signals were analyzed by high-resolution optical mapping.
resultsDuring constant stimulation, pilsicainide (3-5 microM) caused a frequency-dependent decrease of conduction velocity (CV; by 20%-54% at 5 Hz) without affecting action potential duration (APD). Verapamil (3 microM) caused APD shortening (by 16% at 5 Hz) without affecting CV. Ventricular tachycardias (VTs) that were induced were more sustained in the presence of either pilsicainide or verapamil. The incidence of sustained VTs (>30 s)/all VTs per heart was 58% +/- 9% for 5 microM pilsicainide vs. 22% +/- 9% for controls and 62% +/- 10% for 3 microM verapamil vs. 22% +/- 8% for controls. The SWs with pilsicainide were characterized by slower rotation around longer functional block lines (FBLs), whereas those with verapamil were characterized by faster rotation around shorter FBLs. Combined application of 3 microM pilsicainide and 3 microM verapamil resulted in early termination of VTs (sustained VTs/all VTs per heart: 2% +/- 2% vs. 29% +/- 9% for controls); SWs showed extensive drift and decremental conduction, leading to their spontaneous annihilation.
conclusionBlockade of either I(Na) or I(Ca,L) stabilizes SWs in a two-dimensional epicardial layer of rabbit ventricular myocardium to help their persistence, whereas blockade of both currents destabilizes SWs to facilitate their termination.
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