ReviewThe Lancet. Neurology2009
Preconditioning and tolerance against cerebral ischaemia: from experimental strategies to clinical use.
Review in The Lancet. Neurology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 306 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning on Bimanual Skill Learning, Bimanual Coordination, and Corticospinal Excitability in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Remote Ischemic Conditioning Combined With Bimanual Task Training to Enhance Bimanual Skill Learning and Corticospinal Excitability in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy
Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning Combined With Motor Training on Spinal Reflex Modulation in Healthy Young Adults
Who cites it
306 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Remote Ischemic Conditioning After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurocritical care · 2026Pooled it
- Remote Ischemic Conditioning After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurocritical care · 2026Pooled it
- Albumin therapy for acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Pooled it
- Remote Ischemic Preconditioning to Prevent Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Due to Vasospasm in the Treatment of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2025Trial
- Effects of remote limb ischemic conditioning on muscle strength in healthy young adults: A randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Dose of remote limb ischemic conditioning for enhancing learning in healthy young adults.Experimental brain research · 2019Trial
- Two weeks of ischemic conditioning improves walking speed and reduces neuromuscular fatigability in chronic stroke survivors.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2019Trial
- Impact of ischemic preconditioning on surgical treatment of brain tumors: a single-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Ischemic Conditioning Is Safe and Effective for Octo- and Nonagenarians in Stroke Prevention and Treatment.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2015Trial
- Effects of a low-level superoxide-containing environment on SOD activity and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Bioenergetics of the combat sports brain: Between risk and resilience.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Hypoxic Preconditioning: An Underestimated Endogenous Protective Strategy?Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Neuroprotective response against the onset of ischemic stroke by upregulation of histone H3Y99 sulfation.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Exerts Neuroprotective Effects Via the PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF Pathway in Focal Brain Ischemia of Rats.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Mild Neonatal Hypoxia Modifies the Reactivity of the Glucocorticoid System in Adult Rats, Promoting Improved Learning and Spatial Memory Under Stressful Conditions.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Cerebral Oximetry-Guided Anesthetic Management for Robot-Assisted Beating-Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in a Patient With Untreated Moyamoya Disease.Case reports in anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Lactate increases oxygen unloading of preconditioned blood from male elite breath-hold divers.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- The Multifaceted Role of P2X7R in Microglia and Astrocytes.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Potential Short- and Long-Term Physiological Effects of Ischemic Preconditioning as an Ergogenic Aid: Revisiting Foundational Mechanisms and Applications.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
246 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neuroprotection and brain repair in patients after acute brain damage are still major unfulfilled medical needs. Pharmacological treatments are either ineffective or confounded by adverse effects. Consequently, endogenous mechanisms by which the brain protects itself against noxious stimuli and recovers from damage are being studied. Research on preconditioning, also known as induced tolerance, over the past decade has resulted in various promising strategies for the treatment of patients with acute brain injury. Several of these strategies are being tested in randomised clinical trials. Additionally, research into preconditioning has led to the idea of prophylactically inducing protection in patients such as those undergoing brain surgery and those with transient ischaemic attack or subarachnoid haemorrhage who are at high risk of brain injury in the near future. In this Review, we focus on the clinical issues relating to preconditioning and tolerance in the brain; specifically, we discuss the clinical situations that might benefit from such procedures. We also discuss whether preconditioning and tolerance occur naturally in the brain and assess the most promising candidate strategies that are being investigated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.