ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2009
Will the Kraepelinian dichotomy survive DSM-V?
Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multimodal microglial and kynurenine pathway alterations across the affective-psychosis spectrum: a systematic review of patterns, heterogeneity, and dimensional implications.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Shared and distinct brain fMRI response during performance of working memory tasks in adult patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder.Human brain mapping · 2021Pooled it
- Disrupted genes and pathways in schizophrenia: a robust analysis of the brain and blood.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Restoring Course as a Core Diagnostic Element of Psychotic Disorders.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Morphometric Findings of Corpus Callosum in Schizophrenia Patients with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Comparison with Healthy Individuals.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Revisiting delusion subtypes in schizophrenia based on their underlying structures.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Article
- Poor self-reported sleep is associated with prolonged white matter T2 relaxation in psychotic disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Clinical characterization and differentiation of B-SNIP psychosis Biotypes: Algorithmic Diagnostics for Efficient Prescription of Treatments (ADEPT)-1.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- Disease-specific differences in gene expression, mitochondrial function and mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions in iPSC-derived cerebral organoids and cortical neurons in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Discover mental health · 2023Article
- Neurobiologically Based Stratification of Recent-Onset Depression and Psychosis: Identification of Two Distinct Transdiagnostic Phenotypes.Biological psychiatry · 2022Article
- Psychosis and fever revisited.Schizophrenia research · 2022Article
- The Limits between Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: What Do Magnetic Resonance Findings Tell Us?Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Psychosis Biotypes: Replication and Validation from the B-SNIP Consortium.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- Classical Schizophrenia: Liddle and the Core of Schizophrenia.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2020Article
- Psychotic and affective symptoms of early-onset bipolar disorder: an observational study of patients in first manic episode.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2020Observational
- Article
- The Relationship Between Cognitive Dysfunction and Symptom Dimensions Across Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2019Article
- Regional cortical thinning in young adults with schizophrenia but not psychotic or non-psychotic bipolar I disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2018Article
- Choline Compounds of the Frontal Lobe and Temporal Glutamatergic System in Bipolar and Schizophrenia Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.Disease markers · 2018Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Kraepelin proposed dementia praecox and manic-depressive illness as the two major psychotic disorders. This paradigm is still prevalent, but observations of overlapping boundaries between bipolar disorder and schizophrenia challenge this dichotomy. However, the concept of schizophrenia has been radically altered from the original Kraepelinian proposal. We defend the two psychoses positions, but suggest two flaws in the heuristic application: (1) overlapping features, such as psychotic symptoms, are not decisive in differential diagnosis; and (2) each disorder is a syndrome, not a disease entity. An alternative paradigm based on domains of pathology is more powerful for studies of etiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic discovery.
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