ReviewHuman genetics2009
Genetic foundations of human intelligence.
Review in Human genetics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Genetic copy number variants, cognition and psychosis: a meta-analysis and a family study.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of cognitive abilities.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- The Gene Encoding Protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), a Novel Risk Factor for Major Depressive Disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Pooled it
- GWAS meta-analysis reveals novel loci and genetic correlates for general cognitive function: a report from the COGENT consortium.Molecular psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Independent evidence for an association between general cognitive ability and a genetic locus for educational attainment.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2015Pooled it
- Genetic contributions to variation in general cognitive function: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in the CHARGE consortium (N=53949).Molecular psychiatry · 2015Pooled it
- Childhood intelligence is heritable, highly polygenic and associated with FNBP1L.Molecular psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Molecular genetic evidence for overlap between general cognitive ability and risk for schizophrenia: a report from the Cognitive Genomics consorTium (COGENT).Molecular psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Individual variation in cognitive performance: developmental and evolutionary perspectives.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2012Pooled it
- Evolutionary conserved longevity genes and human cognitive abilities in elderly cohorts.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2012Pooled it
- Genome-wide association studies establish that human intelligence is highly heritable and polygenic.Molecular psychiatry · 2011Pooled it
- Exploring geospatial link between soils and national intelligence quotient.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Maternal dietary patterns, breastfeeding duration, and their association with child cognitive function and head circumference growth: A prospective mother-child cohort study.PLoS medicine · 2025Article
- The Role of Parental Education, Intelligence, and Personality on the Cognitive Abilities of Gifted Children.Journal of Intelligence · 2025Article
- Associations Between Big-5 Personality Traits, Cognitive Ability, and Climate Beliefs and Behaviours: Results From a Longitudinal UK Birth Cohort.Europe's journal of psychology · 2024Article
- Predictors of early child development for screening pregnant women most in need of support in Brazil.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Heritability of cognitive performance in wild Western Australian magpies.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Reflections on assortative mating, social stratification, and genetics.Journal of genetics · 2024Article
- Could olfactory identification be a prognostic factor in detecting cognitive impairment risk in the elderly?GeroScience · 2023Article
- Social inequalities in child development: the role of differential exposure and susceptibility to stressful family conditions.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Individual differences in intelligence (cognitive abilities) are a prominent aspect of human psychology, and play a substantial role in influencing important life outcomes. Their phenotypic structure-as described by the science of psychometrics-is well understood and well replicated. Approximately half of the variance in a broad range of cognitive abilities is accounted by a general cognitive factor (g), small proportions of cognitive variance are caused by separable broad domains of mental function, and the substantial remainder is caused by variance that is unique to highly specific cognitive skills. The heritability of g is substantial. It increases from a low value in early childhood of about 30%, to well over 50% in adulthood, which continues into old age. Despite this, there is still almost no replicated evidence concerning the individual genes, which have variants that contribute to intelligence differences. Here, we describe the human intelligence phenotype, summarise the evidence for its heritability, provide an overview of and comment on molecular genetic studies, and comment on future progress in the field.
Indexed as
Identifiers
19294424What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.